Cardiology, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK
MRC, Imperial College London, London, UK.
Heart. 2021 Jun;107(11):895-901. doi: 10.1136/heartjnl-2020-317837. Epub 2021 Mar 15.
The aims were to compare the frequency with which male and female cardiologists experience sexism and to explore the types of sexism experienced in cardiology.
A validated questionnaire measuring experiences of sexism and sexual harassment was distributed online to 890 UK consultant cardiologists between March and May 2018. χ tests and pairwise comparisons with a Bonferroni correction for multiple analyses compared the experiences of male and female cardiologists.
174 cardiologists completed the survey (24% female; 76% male). The survey showed that 61.9% of female cardiologists have experienced discrimination of any kind, mostly related to gender and parenting, compared with 19.7% of male cardiologists. 35.7% of female cardiologists experienced unwanted sexual comments, attention or advances from a superior or colleague, compared with 6.1% of male cardiologists. Sexual harassment affected the professional confidence of female cardiologists more than it affected the confidence of male cardiologists (42.9% vs 3.0%), including confidence with colleagues (38% vs 10.6%) and patients (23.9% vs 4.6%). 33.3% of female cardiologists felt that sexism hampered opportunities for professional advancement, compared with 2.3% of male cardiologists.
Female cardiologists in the UK experience more sexism and sexual harassment than male cardiologists. Sexism impacts the career progression and professional confidence of female cardiologists more, including their confidence when working with patients and colleagues. Future research is urgently needed to test interventions against sexism in cardiology and to protect the welfare of female cardiologists at work.
比较男女心脏病专家经历性别歧视的频率，并探讨心脏病学中经历的性别歧视类型。
2018 年 3 月至 5 月期间，向 890 名英国顾问心脏病专家在线分发了一份经过验证的测量性别歧视和性骚扰经历的问卷。使用 χ 检验和多次分析的两两比较与 Bonferroni 校正比较了男女心脏病专家的经历。
174 名心脏病专家完成了调查（24%为女性；76%为男性）。调查显示，61.9%的女性心脏病专家经历过任何形式的歧视，主要与性别和育儿有关，而男性心脏病专家的这一比例为 19.7%。35.7%的女性心脏病专家经历过来自上级或同事的不适当的性评论、关注或追求，而男性心脏病专家的这一比例为 6.1%。性骚扰对女性心脏病专家的职业信心的影响大于对男性心脏病专家的影响（42.9%对 3.0%），包括与同事（38%对 10.6%）和患者（23.9%对 4.6%）的信心。33.3%的女性心脏病专家认为性别歧视阻碍了职业发展机会，而男性心脏病专家的这一比例为 2.3%。
英国的女性心脏病专家比男性心脏病专家经历更多的性别歧视和性骚扰。性别歧视对女性心脏病专家的职业发展和职业信心的影响更大，包括她们与患者和同事合作时的信心。迫切需要开展未来研究，以测试心脏病学中的性别歧视干预措施，并保护女性心脏病专家在工作中的福利。
