Fujian Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Fujian Provincial Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterial, Stomatological Key Laboratory of Fujian College and University, Dept. of Pediatric Dentistry, Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350001, China.
Dept. of Stomatology, Changdu Women and Children Health Care Hospital, Changdu 854000, China.
Hua Xi Kou Qiang Yi Xue Za Zhi. 2021 Feb 1;39(1):53-57. doi: 10.7518/hxkq.2021.01.008.
To investigate caries status and its impact factors in preschool children in plateau and to provide reference for caries prevention in highlands.
Examination of caries was performed on 1 597 children aged 3-5 years old in 11 kindergartens in Changdu, Xizang, in accordance with the 4th National Oral Health Survey standards and methods. Their parents were surveyed with the questionnaire regarding oral hygiene habit and consciousness about oral health and related factors. All the data were collected and analyzed.
The prevalence of caries among children aged 3-5 years old in Changdu was 52.85%, with dmft index of 2.44. The caries rate and dmft of children aged 3 years old were lower than those of children aged 4 and 5 years old (<0.05). No significant difference was observed in the caries rate between males and females (>0.05). Single-factor analysis showed that the frequency of brushing teeth more than twice a day, low frequency of eating sweets, high frequency of drinking butter tea, and regular oral examination can reduce the rate of caries (<0.05). Multivariate logistic analysis showed that the frequency of eating sweets, drinking butter tea, and oral examination are related impact factors of caries.
The prevalence of ca-ries in children aged 3-5 years old in Changdu increases with aging. Good oral hygiene and eating habits and regular oral examination can reduce the rate of caries.
调查高原地区学龄前儿童的龋病状况及其影响因素，为高原地区龋病防治提供参考。
按照第四次全国口腔健康流行病学调查标准和方法，对西藏昌都 11 所幼儿园的 1 597 名 3～5 岁儿童进行龋病检查，对其家长进行口腔卫生习惯、口腔健康意识及相关因素的问卷调查。收集并分析所有数据。
昌都地区 3～5 岁儿童的患龋率为 52.85%，dmft 指数为 2.44。3 岁儿童的患龋率和 dmft 低于 4 岁和 5 岁儿童（<0.05）。男、女童患龋率差异无统计学意义（>0.05）。单因素分析显示，每天刷牙 2 次以上、甜食摄入频率低、经常饮用酥油茶、定期口腔检查可降低患龋率（<0.05）。多因素 logistic 分析显示，甜食摄入频率、酥油茶饮用频率和口腔检查是龋病的相关影响因素。
昌都地区 3～5 岁儿童的龋病患病率随年龄增长而增加。良好的口腔卫生和饮食习惯以及定期口腔检查可降低龋病的发生率。
