Postgraduate Program in Epidemiology, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil.
Postgraduate Program in Epidemiology, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil.
J Psychiatr Res. 2021 May;137:266-272. doi: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2021.02.066. Epub 2021 Mar 6.
Little is known about the effects of excessive screen time on Working Memory (WM) in adolescents. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between measures of screen time in adolescence and Working Memory. Data from the 1993 Pelotas (Brazil) Birth Cohort Study were analyzed (N = 3625). Self-reported screen time was collected at ages 11, 15 and 18. Working Memory performance (Digit Span backward score) was examined at age 22. Multiple linear regression was used to assess the associations between three screen time measures (television, video game and computer time) for each age and WM at age 22. We also evaluated the direct and indirect effect by mediation analysis, using the intelligence quotient (IQ) at 18 years as mediator. In men, television and video game time at 11 years and computer at ages 11 and 15 years had a positive effect on WM. Also, these effects were mediated through IQ. In women there was no significant association between screen time measures at ages 11, 15, and 18 and WM. This study provides new insights about the relationship between television, videogame, and computer time with WM in adolescents, by exploring the paths of these associations and considering the important mediating role of IQ.
目前对于青少年过度使用屏幕时间对工作记忆（WM）的影响知之甚少。本研究旨在探讨青少年时期屏幕时间测量值与工作记忆之间的关联。本研究的数据来自于 1993 年巴西佩洛塔斯（Pelotas）出生队列研究（N=3625）。在 11、15 和 18 岁时收集了自我报告的屏幕时间。在 22 岁时，通过数字跨度后向评分测试评估了工作记忆表现。采用多元线性回归分析了每个年龄的三种屏幕时间测量值（电视、视频游戏和计算机时间）与 22 岁时 WM 的关联。我们还通过中介分析评估了直接和间接影响，使用 18 岁时的智商（IQ）作为中介。在男性中，11 岁时的电视和视频游戏时间以及 11 岁和 15 岁时的计算机时间对 WM 有积极影响。此外，这些影响通过 IQ 中介。在女性中，11、15 和 18 岁时的屏幕时间测量值与 WM 之间没有显著关联。本研究通过探索这些关联的途径并考虑智商的重要中介作用，为青少年时期电视、视频游戏和计算机时间与 WM 之间的关系提供了新的见解。
