Zhang Yan, Cao Xiaochen, Xie Yufei, Zhong Qiongyao, Lei Guanghui, Zhang Jingyuan, Xiao Qiang, Wang Guixiang, Bian Yueran, Xie Simiao, Huang Fei
School of Educational Science, Central China Think Tank and National Institute of Governance, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
Department of Orthodontics, Shanghai Xuhui District Dental Disease Prevention and Control Institute, Shanghai, China.
Child Youth Serv Rev. 2021 Jun;125:105980. doi: 10.1016/j.childyouth.2021.105980. Epub 2021 Mar 12.
The outbreak of COVID-19 has caused extremely many serious consequences for the country and the world. In fact, it has seriously affected people's mental health. The purpose of this study is to understand the psychological stress among college students in different stages of epidemics in hard-hit areas such as Hubei. Moreover, to highlight the factors that influencing, their psychological conditions with the emphasis of further corresponding suggestions.
This study includes self-designed questionnaires in order to assess and analyze the psychological state of over 17,000 college students during the outbreak period in January and home quarantine in February. The questionnaire contains three aspects and six dimensions: pressure responses: stress susceptibility (SS), stress adjustment (SA), risk cognition: cognition of danger (CD), cognition of illness (CI) and stress reactions: emotional responses (ER), somatic responses (SR). This survey was done by an online questionnaire (www.wjx.cn) to investigate the psychological stress information of college students, and analyzed the data by SPSS 22.0 for Windows.
Regarding the stress susceptibility, participants were more likely stressed in February than in January. Regarding the stress adjustment, the number of participants requiring pressure regulation or release in the February survey was significantly lower than that the effective in the January survey. The mean of the cognition of danger reduced significantly in February than in January, in other words, participants were highly worried about the epidemic in January than in February. Regarding the cognition of illness, participants in January had a more pessimistic attitude towards the epidemic than those in February. The emotional responses of the participants in February were more severe than those in January, while the somatic responses reduced significantly in February compared with January. Furthermore, females have stronger stress reactions than males. However, the SR doesn't have significant differences between females and males.
After two surveys in January and February, it was found that the psychological stress of college students in Hubei was significantly different at different stages of the epidemic, where the epidemic developed, the psychological stress of college students become more severe. The psychological stress of the college students in Hubei Province, as a severely affected area, should be paid more attention.
新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情给国家和世界带来了极其严重的后果。事实上，它严重影响了人们的心理健康。本研究旨在了解湖北等重灾区不同疫情阶段大学生的心理压力状况。此外，强调影响其心理状况的因素，并重点提出相应的建议。
本研究采用自行设计的问卷，对17000多名大学生在1月疫情爆发期和2月居家隔离期间的心理状态进行评估和分析。问卷包含三个方面六个维度：压力反应：应激易感性（SS）、压力调节（SA）；风险认知：危险认知（CD）、疾病认知（CI）；应激反应：情绪反应（ER）、躯体反应（SR）。本调查通过在线问卷（www.wjx.cn）进行，以调查大学生的心理压力信息，并使用SPSS 22.0 for Windows对数据进行分析。
在应激易感性方面，参与者在2月比1月更容易感到压力。在压力调节方面，2月调查中需要压力调节或释放的参与者人数显著低于1月调查中的有效人数。2月的危险认知平均值比1月显著降低，也就是说，参与者在1月比2月更担心疫情。在疾病认知方面，1月的参与者对疫情的态度比2月的参与者更为悲观。2月参与者的情绪反应比1月更为严重，而躯体反应与1月相比显著降低。此外，女性的应激反应比男性更强。然而，女性和男性在躯体反应方面没有显著差异。
经过1月和2月的两次调查，发现湖北大学生在疫情不同阶段的心理压力存在显著差异，随着疫情发展，大学生的心理压力变得更加严重。湖北省作为重灾区，大学生的心理压力应得到更多关注。
