Jian Yunchao, Hu Tao, Zong Yu, Tang Wanjie
Department of Psychology, Chengdu Normal University, Chengdu, China.
Institute of Emergency Management and Post-disaster Reconstruction, No. 24, South Section 1, Yihuan Road, Wuhou District, Chengdu, 610065 China.
Curr Psychol. 2022 Jan 7:1-10. doi: 10.1007/s12144-021-02515-8.
Although the COVID-19 pandemic has been traumatogenic for some people, posttraumatic growth (PTG) outcomes have also been observed. This study examined the PTG in adolescents and the moderating effect of self-efficacy on post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms and PTG. An online questionnaire was conducted on 2090 adolescent Chinese students to measure COVID-19 related exposure, self-efficacy, PTSD, and PTG. PTG prevalence was found in 20.6% of the sample, with the relationship between PTSD and PTG being found to be a reverse U-shaped curve. Objective exposure factors were found to be closely associated with PTSD symptoms but not with PTG. Similarly, subjective feelings of extreme fear were significantly associated with PTSD symptoms but not with PTG. Self-efficacy was found to be positively correlated with PTG (r = 0.551) and to moderate the relationship between PTSD and PTG. For those with low self-efficacy, the higher the PTSD, the higher the PTG, and for those with high self-efficacy, the higher the PTSD, the lower the PTG. As an improved sense of self-efficacy in adolescents could promote positive psychological transformations, these results could assist in identifying self-efficacy levels and providing guidance for targeted psychological interventions to promote positive growth.
尽管新冠疫情对一些人造成了创伤，但创伤后成长（PTG）的结果也已被观察到。本研究考察了青少年的创伤后成长以及自我效能感对创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）症状和创伤后成长的调节作用。对2090名中国青少年学生进行了一项在线问卷调查，以测量与新冠疫情相关的暴露情况、自我效能感、创伤后应激障碍和创伤后成长。在20.6%的样本中发现了创伤后成长现象，创伤后应激障碍与创伤后成长之间的关系呈倒U形曲线。客观暴露因素被发现与创伤后应激障碍症状密切相关，但与创伤后成长无关。同样，极度恐惧的主观感受与创伤后应激障碍症状显著相关，但与创伤后成长无关。自我效能感与创伤后成长呈正相关（r = 0.551），并调节创伤后应激障碍与创伤后成长之间的关系。对于自我效能感低的人，创伤后应激障碍越高，创伤后成长越高；而对于自我效能感高的人，创伤后应激障碍越高，创伤后成长越低。由于提高青少年的自我效能感可以促进积极的心理转变，这些结果有助于确定自我效能感水平，并为促进积极成长的针对性心理干预提供指导。
