Trevisi P, Luise D, Correa F, Messori S, Mazzoni M, Lallès J P, Bosi P
Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences, University of Bologna, Viale G. Fanin 46, 40127, Bologna, Italy.
Present Address: World Organisation for Animal Health (OIE), Scientific Secretariat for the STAR-IDAZ International Research Consortium on animal health, 12 rue de Prony, 75017, Paris, France.
J Anim Sci Biotechnol. 2021 Mar 18;12(1):31. doi: 10.1186/s40104-021-00557-3.
Scarce is knowledge on the process regulating the development of acid secretion, orexigenic signaling, and chemosensing in the stomach of young pigs. Changes of early microbial encounters by suckling pigs can interact with the gut maturation, by the induction of different molecular signaling. Our goal was to assess if the age of offspring and the maternal environment, influenced by sow antibiotic treatment peripartum, could affect gastric morphology and the expression of genes involved in the control of hydrochloric secretion, feed intake, taste, and inflammation in offspring stomach.
84 pigs from sows fed a diet with amoxicillin (on -d10 to +d21 from farrowing, ANT) or without (CON) were sacrificed at d14, d21, d28 (weaning) or d42. Samples of oxyntic (OXY), pyloric (PY) and cardiac mucosae close to OXY were collected and parietal and enteroendocrine cells (EECs) were counted. Relative gene expression of a set of 11 key genes (ATP4A, SSTR2, GAST, GHRL, MBOAT4, PCSK1, GNAT1, TAS1R1, TAS1R3, IL8 and TNF) was assessed by qRT-PCR. In addition, 40 offspring obtained from the same ANT and CON sows were offered a normal or a fat-enriched diet for 4 weeks between 140 and 169 d of age, and then OXY and PY were sampled.
The number of parietal and EECs increased with age (P < 0.001). ATP4A increased with age (within suckling, P = 0.043, post-weaning vs. suckling, P < 0.001), SSTR2 increased only after weaning (P < 0.001). In OXY, GHRL increased during suckling (P = 0.012), and post-weaning as a trend (P = 0.088). MBOAT4 tended to increase during suckling (P = 0.062). TAS1R1 increased from suckling to post-weaning period (P =0.001) and was lower in ANT offspring (P = 0.013). GNAT1 in PY was higher in ANT offspring (P = 0.041). Antibiotic treatment of sows peripartum increased expression of GHRL and MBOAT4 in OXY of growing-finishing offspring aged 5 months.
Data show that sensing for umami taste and ghrelin regulation can be affected by maternal environment, but the development of acid secretion, orexigenic signaling and taste perception in the stomach are mostly developmentally controlled.
关于调节幼猪胃内酸分泌、促食欲信号传导和化学感应发育过程的知识匮乏。哺乳仔猪早期微生物接触的变化可通过诱导不同的分子信号传导与肠道成熟相互作用。我们的目标是评估受母猪围产期抗生素治疗影响的后代年龄和母体环境是否会影响后代胃的形态以及参与胃酸分泌、采食量、味觉和炎症控制的基因表达。
将84头仔猪（其母猪在分娩前10天至产后21天饲喂含阿莫西林的日粮（ANT）或不含阿莫西林的日粮（CON））分别在第14天、第21天、第28天（断奶）或第42天处死。采集胃底（OXY）、幽门（PY）以及靠近OXY的贲门黏膜样本，并对壁细胞和肠内分泌细胞（EECs）进行计数。通过qRT-PCR评估一组11个关键基因（ATP4A、SSTR2、GAST、GHRL、MBOAT4、PCSK1、GNAT1、TAS1R1、TAS1R3、IL8和TNF）的相对基因表达。此外，从相同的ANT和CON母猪获得的40头后代在140至169日龄之间接受4周的正常或富含脂肪的日粮，然后采集OXY和PY样本。
壁细胞和EECs的数量随年龄增加（P < 0.001）。ATP4A随年龄增加（哺乳期间，P = 0.043，断奶后与哺乳期间相比，P < 0.001），SSTR2仅在断奶后增加（P < 0.001）。在OXY中，GHRL在哺乳期间增加（P = 0.012），断奶后呈增加趋势（P = 0.088）。MBOAT4在哺乳期间有增加趋势（P = 0.062）。TAS1R1从哺乳到断奶后期间增加（P = 0.001），且在ANT后代中较低（P = 0.013）。PY中的GNAT1在ANT后代中较高（P = 0.041）。母猪围产期抗生素治疗增加了5月龄生长育肥后代OXY中GHRL和MBOAT4的表达。
数据表明，鲜味味觉感知和胃饥饿素调节可能受母体环境影响，但胃内酸分泌、促食欲信号传导和味觉感知的发育主要受发育过程控制。
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