Bulus Gokay Canberk, Koc Suleyman
Department of Economics, Aksaray University, 68100, Aksaray, Turkey.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2021 Jul;28(28):38238-38253. doi: 10.1007/s11356-021-13462-z. Epub 2021 Mar 17.
This paper uses the pollution haven hypothesis (PHH) to examine the effects of foreign direct investment (FDI) and government expenditures on environmental quality in Korea. For this purpose, we conducted autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) bounds testing for the period 1970-2018. Empirical results indicate that in Korea, increased FDI, per capita gross domestic product (GDP), energy use, and imports have led to increased per capita carbon dioxide (CO) emissions, while government expenditures, renewable energy, and exports have led to decreased per capita CO emissions. Empirical results also reveal an N-shaped relationship between per capita GDP and per capita CO emissions. Moreover, the PHH is valid in Korea to a moderate degree, and the detrimental effect of FDI on environmental quality is relatively limited. Furthermore, government expenditures improve environmental quality. These empirical findings support Korea's leading role in implementing comprehensive green growth initiatives.
本文运用污染避难所假说（PHH）来检验外国直接投资（FDI）和政府支出对韩国环境质量的影响。为此，我们对1970 - 2018年期间进行了自回归分布滞后（ARDL）边界检验。实证结果表明，在韩国，外国直接投资增加、人均国内生产总值（GDP）、能源使用和进口导致人均二氧化碳（CO）排放量增加，而政府支出、可再生能源和出口则导致人均CO排放量减少。实证结果还揭示了人均GDP与人均CO排放量之间呈N形关系。此外，污染避难所假说在韩国具有一定程度的有效性，外国直接投资对环境质量的不利影响相对有限。此外，政府支出改善了环境质量。这些实证研究结果支持了韩国在实施全面绿色增长倡议方面的主导作用。
