Cox Steven R, Daniel Carolann L
Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, Adelphi University, Garden City, NY, 11530, USA.
School of Social Work, Adelphi University, Garden City, NY, 11530, USA.
J Racial Ethn Health Disparities. 2022 Jun;9(3):800-811. doi: 10.1007/s40615-021-01018-3. Epub 2021 Mar 17.
There is a long history of racial and ethnic disparities in healthcare and they continue to persist in contemporary society. These disparities have the potential to negatively affect morbidity and mortality in racial and ethnic minorities diagnosed with laryngeal cancer. Diagnosis, medical treatment, and rehabilitation for laryngeal cancer have improved considerably, leading to improvements in overall survival rates and physical, social, and psychological functioning. Yet members of minority and underrepresented groups are at an increased risk for experiencing reduced access to quality care and delays between diagnosis and treatment, and as a result have lower survival rates. Increasing health providers' awareness of racial and ethnic disparities in laryngeal cancer is necessary to facilitate changes in patient and provider education, clinical practice, and health policies. The purpose of this review is to summarize current literature on disparities in laryngeal cancer diagnosis, treatment, and rehabilitation among Black and Hispanic patients. We present recent data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database to examine trends in laryngeal cancer and patient, provider, and health systems factors that may perpetuate these disparities. In addition, we offer interventions to address racism and other racial and ethnic biases in laryngeal cancer care and describe research and legislative actions that are needed to reduce disparities in this area.
医疗保健领域存在种族和民族差异的历史由来已久，且在当代社会依然存在。这些差异有可能对被诊断患有喉癌的种族和少数民族的发病率和死亡率产生负面影响。喉癌的诊断、治疗和康复已经有了显著改善，整体生存率以及身体、社会和心理功能都有所提高。然而，少数群体和代表性不足群体的成员获得优质医疗服务的机会减少，诊断和治疗之间出现延误的风险增加，因此生存率较低。提高医疗服务提供者对喉癌种族和民族差异的认识，对于促进患者和医疗服务提供者教育、临床实践及卫生政策的改变很有必要。本综述的目的是总结当前关于黑人和西班牙裔患者在喉癌诊断、治疗和康复方面差异的文献。我们展示了监测、流行病学和最终结果数据库的最新数据，以研究喉癌的趋势以及可能使这些差异长期存在的患者、医疗服务提供者和卫生系统因素。此外，我们提供应对喉癌护理中种族主义和其他种族及民族偏见的干预措施，并描述减少该领域差异所需的研究和立法行动。
