Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil.
Postgraduate Program in Collective Health, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil.
J Geriatr Phys Ther. 2022;45(3):E137-E144. doi: 10.1519/JPT.0000000000000301. Epub 2021 Mar 12.
Mobility is a basic human need, and its limitation compromises health status, especially in older adults from developing countries and residing in nursing homes. This study aims to determine the prevalence and factors associated with mobility limitation in older adults residing in nursing homes.
A cross-sectional study was conducted with 305 older adults (≥60 years) residing in 10 nursing homes in Northeast Brazil. Mobility limitation was evaluated using the "walking" item of the Barthel index. Sociodemographic/economic data concerning the participants and institutions, as well as conditions that could influence the mobility state of the older adults, were collected. The χ2 test and multiple logistic regression were performed using a significance level of 5%.
The prevalence of mobility limitation was 65.6% (95% confidence interval [CI], 59.6-70.4). Walking dependence was identified in 39.7% of the sample (26.9% wheelchair users and 12.8% bedridden), while 25.9% walked with assistance (16.7% with maximal assistance and 9.2% with minimal assistance). Mobility limitation was significantly associated with malnutrition/risk of malnutrition (1.86, 95% CI, 1.54-2.26, P < .001) and age ≥81 years (1.35, 95% CI, 1.12-1.63, P = .002).
Mobility limitation has a high prevalence among older adults residing in nursing homes in Brazil, and is associated with advanced age and poor nutritional status. Health professionals should advocate for the maintenance of mobility and adequate nutritional support.
行动能力是人类的基本需求，其受限会影响健康状况，尤其是在发展中国家的老年群体和居住在养老院的老年人中。本研究旨在确定居住在养老院的老年人行动能力受限的流行率及其相关因素。
这是一项横断面研究，共纳入了来自巴西东北部 10 家养老院的 305 名老年人（≥60 岁）。使用巴氏指数的“行走”项目评估行动能力受限。收集了与参与者和机构相关的社会人口经济学数据，以及可能影响老年人行动状态的条件。采用 χ2 检验和多因素逻辑回归分析，显著性水平为 5%。
行动能力受限的流行率为 65.6%（95%置信区间[CI]，59.6-70.4）。在样本中，39.7%的老年人行走依赖（26.9%使用轮椅，12.8%卧床不起），25.9%需要辅助行走（16.7%需要最大辅助，9.2%需要最小辅助）。行动能力受限与营养不良/营养不良风险（1.86，95%CI，1.54-2.26，P<.001）和年龄≥81 岁（1.35，95%CI，1.12-1.63，P=0.002）显著相关。
巴西养老院中老年人行动能力受限的流行率较高，与年龄较大和营养状况较差有关。卫生专业人员应倡导维持行动能力和提供充足的营养支持。
