West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA.
University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
Community Dent Oral Epidemiol. 2021 Oct;49(5):454-463. doi: 10.1111/cdoe.12621. Epub 2021 Mar 18.
Oral health values, the degree to which one places importance on or demonstrates investment in improving or maintaining one's dental status, are believed to vary across individuals. Research on this construct is in its infancy, so a new Oral Health Values Scale (OHVS) was developed and validated. The aim was to create a multidimensional measure of oral health values that could be used in future epidemiological or behavioural investigations involving determinants of dental treatment-seeking behaviour and/or oral health.
The OHVS was developed in three cross-sectional phases. A 45-item pool was developed, and 12 expert raters from various oral health professions rated the items for their representativeness and relevance, as well as specificity and clarity. Based on the expert feedback, an initial 30-item scale was subsequently established and administered to a developmental sample (N = 306) using Amazon's Mechanical Turk (MTurk). The scale was further refined to be 12 items and its structure was confirmed in a validation sample (N = 308), also using MTurk. Correlations among OHVS scores and other oral health-related constructs were examined in the developmental and validation samples.
Expert review of items for the oral health values construct and the OHVS provided initial evidence of content validity. The final 12-item scale exhibited a four-factor structure with good internal consistency, α = 0.84. The psychometric properties of the final scale were confirmed in a second sample using confirmatory factor analysis, although evidence for the OHVS's four-factor structure was mixed. Overall, OHVS scores were consistently related to other oral health constructs in anticipated ways, providing evidence of construct validity.
The OHVS demonstrated content validity, internal consistency, and construct validity. Results suggest that the OHVS is a psychometrically sound instrument.
口腔健康价值观是指个体对改善或维持口腔状况的重视程度或投入程度，人们认为它因人而异。关于这一概念的研究尚处于起步阶段，因此开发并验证了一种新的口腔健康价值观量表（OHVS）。目的是创建一个多维的口腔健康价值观衡量标准，可用于未来涉及决定寻求牙科治疗行为和/或口腔健康的决定因素的流行病学或行为研究。
OHVS 是在三个横断面阶段开发的。开发了一个包含 45 个项目的题库，并由来自不同口腔健康专业的 12 位专家对项目的代表性和相关性、特异性和清晰度进行了评分。根据专家反馈，随后建立了一个初始的 30 项量表，并使用亚马逊的 Mechanical Turk（MTurk）对发展样本（N=306）进行了测试。该量表进一步细化为 12 项，并在验证样本（N=308）中使用 MTurk 对其结构进行了确认。在发展样本和验证样本中，考察了 OHVS 得分与其他口腔健康相关构念之间的相关性。
对口腔健康价值观构念和 OHVS 项目的专家审查为内容效度提供了初步证据。最终的 12 项量表具有良好的内部一致性（α=0.84），表现出四因素结构。在第二个样本中，使用验证性因子分析确认了最终量表的心理计量学特性，尽管 OHVS 的四因素结构的证据参差不齐。总体而言，OHVS 得分与其他口腔健康构念之间的关系始终一致，这表明其具有结构效度。
OHVS 具有内容效度、内部一致性和结构效度。结果表明，OHVS 是一种具有良好心理计量特性的工具。
