Kim So Yoon, Kim Young Ah, Song Da-Yea, Bong Guiyoung, Kim Jong-Myeong, Kim Joo Hyun, Yoo Hee Jeong
Department of Teacher Education, Duksung Women's University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Republic of Korea.
Psychiatry Investig. 2021 Mar;18(3):257-265. doi: 10.30773/pi.2020.0328. Epub 2021 Mar 19.
This study examined how state and trait anxiety of adolescents with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) are associated with their demographic characteristics, repetitive and restricted behaviors (RRBs), and internalizing and externalizing problem behaviors.
A total of 96 participants with ASD (mean age=14.30 years; 91 males) completed a battery of tests including the State/Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), the Autism Diagnostic Interview-Revised, the Social Responsiveness Scale (SRS), and a cognitive test measuring intelligence quotient (IQ). Participants' parents completed the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL). Pearson's correlations among age, IQ, two subscales of the STAI (i.e., STAIS and STAIT, measuring self-reported state and trait anxiety, respectively), and the Anxiety subscale of CBCL (i.e., CBCL-Anxiety, measuring parent-reported trait anxiety) were computed. Subsequently, Pearson's correlations were computed among the three anxiety measures, RRBs, and problem behaviors, while controlling for participants' age and IQ.
The STAIS and CBCL-Anxiety were both significantly correlated with higher age, sensory sensitivity, depressive symptoms, somatic complaints, and aggressive behaviors. All three anxiety variables were significantly and positively correlated with total SRS RRB scores. Additionally, the STAIS and STAIT were significantly associated with more severe Compulsion/Adherence behaviors, and the CBCL-Anxiety was also significantly associated with more severe Rule-breaking Behaviors.
Self-reported state anxiety showed association patterns similar to those of parent-reported trait anxiety. Future studies investigating the precise operationalization of different anxiety instruments are needed to accurately measure the anxiety of adolescents with ASD.
本研究探讨了自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）青少年的状态焦虑和特质焦虑如何与其人口统计学特征、重复刻板行为（RRBs）以及内化和外化问题行为相关联。
共有96名ASD参与者（平均年龄 = 14.30岁；91名男性）完成了一系列测试，包括状态/特质焦虑量表（STAI）、修订版自闭症诊断访谈、社会反应量表（SRS）以及一项测量智商（IQ）的认知测试。参与者的父母完成了儿童行为检查表（CBCL）。计算了年龄、智商、STAI的两个子量表（即STAIS和STAIT，分别测量自我报告的状态焦虑和特质焦虑）以及CBCL的焦虑子量表（即CBCL - Anxiety，测量父母报告的特质焦虑）之间的皮尔逊相关性。随后，在控制参与者年龄和智商的同时，计算了三种焦虑测量指标、RRBs和问题行为之间的皮尔逊相关性。
STAIS和CBCL - Anxiety均与较高年龄、感官敏感性、抑郁症状、躯体不适和攻击性行为显著相关。所有三个焦虑变量均与SRS总RRB得分显著正相关。此外，STAIS和STAIT与更严重的强迫/坚持行为显著相关，CBCL - Anxiety也与更严重的违规行为显著相关。
自我报告的状态焦虑显示出与父母报告的特质焦虑相似的关联模式。未来需要研究不同焦虑测量工具的精确操作化，以准确测量ASD青少年的焦虑。
