Department of Civil Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Gyeongbuk, Republic of Korea.
Korea Center for Artificial Photosynthesis and Center for Nanomaterial, Sogang University, Seoul 121-742, Republic of Korea.
Sci Total Environ. 2021 May 15;769:145083. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.145083. Epub 2021 Jan 11.
Several organic compounds released into the aquatic environment have a detrimental impact on humans and other organisms. There is a lack of knowledge about natural hormones and herbicides on non-target organisms, including cyanobacteria. In this study, the response of Microcystis aeruginosa to four phytohormones, indole-3-acetic acid (IAA; 10), zeatin (ZT; 10), abscisic acid (ABA; 10), and brassinolide (BRL; 10 mol/L), exposed to terpinolene (TPN; (0.44, 0.88, 1.17, or 1.62 mmol/L) at the cellular and genetic levels were investigated. The results showed that TPN could inhibit the growth and photosynthetic activities and stimulate microcystins (MCs) of M. aeruginosa at various levels through the co-occurrence of oxidative stress, antioxidant defense activities, and an imbalance of the antioxidative system. Hormones played critical roles in the growth promotion and photosynthetic activity by enhancing the antioxidant defense mechanisms and MCs production of M. aeruginosa under TPN stress in both hormone and TPN dose-dependent manner. The growth performance and photosynthetic activities of M. aeruginosa were significant with IAA (p < 0.01) and BSL (p < 0.05) compared to ZT and ABA, as TPN concentrations increased. Hormones stimulated the MCs production significantly BSL (p < 0.05) at various levels and protected the cells against TPN-induced oxidative stress and expression of mcyB and mcyD genes involve in MCs synthesis. Our results indicated that hormone contamination in eutrophic lakes might increase the risk of Microcystis aeruginosa bloom and microcystin production with the TPN association.
几种释放到水生环境中的有机化合物对人类和其他生物有不利影响。人们对天然激素和除草剂对非靶标生物，包括蓝藻的影响知之甚少。在这项研究中，研究了四种植物激素，即吲哚-3-乙酸（IAA；10）、玉米素（ZT；10）、脱落酸（ABA；10）和油菜素内酯（BRL；10 mol/L）对铜绿微囊藻的细胞和遗传水平的反应，这些藻类暴露于萜品烯（TPN；（0.44、0.88、1.17 或 1.62 mmol/L）。结果表明，TPN 可以通过氧化应激、抗氧化防御活性和抗氧化系统失衡的共同作用，在不同水平上抑制铜绿微囊藻的生长和光合作用，并刺激微囊藻毒素（MCs）的产生。激素通过增强抗氧化防御机制和在 TPN 胁迫下 MCs 的产生，在激素和 TPN 剂量依赖性方式下，对铜绿微囊藻的生长促进和光合作用活性发挥关键作用。与 ZT 和 ABA 相比，随着 TPN 浓度的增加，IAA（p<0.01）和 BSL（p<0.05）对铜绿微囊藻的生长性能和光合作用活性有显著影响。激素在不同水平上显著刺激 BSL（p<0.05）产生 MCs，并保护细胞免受 TPN 诱导的氧化应激和参与 MCs 合成的 mcyB 和 mcyD 基因的表达。我们的结果表明，富营养化湖泊中的激素污染可能会增加铜绿微囊藻水华和微囊藻毒素产生的风险，而 TPN 的存在则会加剧这种风险。
