Mukhra Richa, Krishan Kewal, Nirenberg Michael S, Ansert Elizabeth, Kanchan Tanuj
Department of Anthropology (UGC Centre of Advanced Study), Panjab University, Sector-14, Chandigarh, India.
Department of Anthropology (UGC Centre of Advanced Study), Panjab University, Sector-14, Chandigarh, India.
Sci Justice. 2021 Mar;61(2):187-192. doi: 10.1016/j.scijus.2020.10.003. Epub 2020 Oct 24.
When found at crime scenes, footprints may be evidentially valuable and can assist with the identity of a perpetrator based on their features and/or measurements. Footprints can be either static (made while standing) or dynamic (made while walking). While extensive research has been performed on the linear measurements obtained from static and dynamic footprints, research on the comparisons between the contact area of static and dynamic footprints in the forensic context are limited. The present study compares the contact area of static and dynamic bare footprints to determine if statistically significant differences exist between the two. Static and dynamic footprints were obtained from a sample of randomly-selected 461 Jatt Sikh adults (230 males and 231 females) of Indian origin between the ages of 19 and 32 years. The footprint contact area was calculated from each footprint (excluding the toes) using a PedoGRID® sheet. No statistically significant differences were observed between the contact area of static and dynamic footprints for each foot among males and females. However, statistically significant differences between both the sexes were found in the footprint contact areas of both footprint types. The right dynamic footprint contact area was found to be the most predictive measurement for classifying and estimating sex from a footprint's contact area. The study has implications in the analysis of footprints recovered from crime scenes.
在犯罪现场发现的足迹可能具有重要的证据价值，基于其特征和/或尺寸，可有助于识别犯罪者。足迹可以是静态的（站立时留下的）或动态的（行走时留下的）。虽然已经对从静态和动态足迹中获得的线性尺寸进行了广泛研究，但在法医背景下，关于静态和动态足迹接触面积比较的研究却很有限。本研究比较了静态和动态赤足足迹的接触面积，以确定两者之间是否存在统计学上的显著差异。从461名年龄在19至32岁之间、随机选取的印度裔贾特锡克族成年人（230名男性和231名女性）样本中获取了静态和动态足迹。使用PedoGRID®薄片从每个足迹（不包括脚趾）计算足迹接触面积。在男性和女性中，每种脚的静态和动态足迹接触面积之间均未观察到统计学上的显著差异。然而，在两种足迹类型的足迹接触面积方面，发现两性之间存在统计学上的显著差异。发现右动态足迹接触面积是根据足迹接触面积对性别进行分类和估计的最具预测性的测量值。该研究对分析从犯罪现场提取的足迹具有启示意义。
