Nirenberg Michael, Ansert Elizabeth, Campbell Jackie, Curran Michael
Friendly Foot Care, PC, 50 West 94th Place, Crown Point, IN 46307, USA.
St. Vincent Hospital, 123 Summer Street, Worcester, MA 01608, USA.
Sci Justice. 2020 Sep;60(5):432-437. doi: 10.1016/j.scijus.2020.06.006. Epub 2020 Jul 5.
Ghosting is a phenomenon that has been identified in dynamic (walking) footprints. There is sparse research on the occurrence of ghosting; however, due to the forensic value of footprints and their use in other scientific fields, the phenomenon of ghosting warrants further study. Ghosting can be used to determine if a footprint is static (standing) or dynamic, which can help forensic investigators create a sequence of events at a crime scene. Furthermore, this can help in footprint comparisons from this determination, as "like versus like" comparisons of dynamic or static footprints can be made. The purpose of this research was to determine the prevalence and locations of the ghosting phenomena in dynamic footprints. 136 dynamic footprints from 68 volunteers were collected using an inkless collection system. Each footprint was visually inspected for ghosting as well as examined using software. Ghosting was present on at least one location in all footprints. The highest prevalence occurred at the tip of the great toe, followed by the second digit and the heel. To a lesser extent, ghosting appeared at the tips of the other three digits. Ghosting often occurred at two or more areas in a given footprint.
重影是在动态（行走）足迹中发现的一种现象。关于重影现象的发生，研究较少；然而，鉴于足迹在法医学中的价值及其在其他科学领域的应用，重影现象值得进一步研究。重影可用于确定足迹是静态（站立）还是动态的，这有助于法医调查人员梳理犯罪现场的一系列事件。此外，基于这一判定结果有助于进行足迹比对，因为可以对动态或静态足迹进行“同类相比”。本研究的目的是确定动态足迹中重影现象的发生率及位置。使用无墨采集系统收集了68名志愿者的136个动态足迹。对每个足迹进行了肉眼重影检查，并使用软件进行了检测。所有足迹的至少一个位置都出现了重影。发生率最高的部位是大脚趾尖，其次是第二趾和脚跟。在较小程度上，其他三个脚趾尖也出现了重影。重影常常在一个给定足迹的两个或更多区域出现。
