Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, School of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China.
Department of Plant Biology, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, USA.
New Phytol. 2021 Jun;230(6):2387-2403. doi: 10.1111/nph.17351. Epub 2021 Apr 12.
Plants synthesize diverse diterpenoids with numerous functions in organ development and stress resistance. However, the role of diterpenoids in glandular trichome (GT) development and GT-localized biosynthesis in plants remains unknown. Here, the identification of 10 diterpene synthases (diTPSs) revealed the diversity of diterpenoid biosynthesis in Artemisia annua. Protein-protein interactions (PPIs) between AaKSL1 and AaCPS2 in the plastids highlighted their potential functions in modulating metabolic flux to gibberellins (GAs) or ent-isopimara-7,15-diene-derived metabolites (IDMs) through metabolic engineering. A phenotypic analysis of transgenic plants suggested a complex repertoire of diterpenoids in Artemisia annua with important roles in GT formation, artemisinin accumulation and stress resilience. Metabolic engineering of diterpenoids simultaneously increased the artemisinin yield and stress resistance. Transcriptome and metabolic profiling suggested that bioactive GA /GA promote GT formation. Collectively, these results expand our knowledge of diterpenoids and show the potential of diterpenoids to simultaneously improve both the GT-localized metabolite yield and stress resistance, in planta.
植物合成了具有多种功能的各种二萜类化合物，这些化合物在器官发育和抗逆性方面发挥着重要作用。然而，二萜类化合物在植物的腺毛（GT）发育和 GT 定位生物合成中的作用尚不清楚。本文通过鉴定 10 种二萜合成酶（diTPS），揭示了青蒿中二萜类化合物生物合成的多样性。叶绿体中 AaKSL1 和 AaCPS2 之间的蛋白-蛋白相互作用（PPIs）突出了它们通过代谢工程调节代谢流向赤霉素（GA）或表-异贝壳杉-7,15-二烯衍生代谢物（IDM）的潜在功能。转基因植物的表型分析表明，青蒿中二萜类化合物的复杂组成，在 GT 形成、青蒿素积累和抗逆性方面发挥着重要作用。二萜类化合物的代谢工程同时提高了青蒿素的产量和抗逆性。转录组和代谢组学分析表明，生物活性 GA/GA 促进 GT 的形成。总的来说，这些结果扩展了我们对二萜类化合物的认识，并展示了二萜类化合物在植物体内同时提高 GT 定位代谢产物产量和抗逆性的潜力。
