Laboratory of Ecotoxicology, Department of the Environment, National Institute for Agricultural and Food Research and Technology, A-6, Km. 7.5, E-28040 Madrid, Spain.
Laboratory of Ecotoxicology, Department of the Environment, National Institute for Agricultural and Food Research and Technology, A-6, Km. 7.5, E-28040 Madrid, Spain.
Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 2021 Jun 1;215:112103. doi: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112103. Epub 2021 Mar 16.
The Mediterranean is a region of substantial agriculture production that faces concurrent environmental stresses and freshwater pollution given the occurrence of emerging contaminants (ECs). Among these pollutants, the surface-active substances have been suggested to enhance the bioavailability of other ECs. This research evaluates a comparative uptake and translocation assessment of irrigation exposure to atenolol (ATN, 60 µg/L), carbamazepine (CBZ, 60 µg/L) and triclosan (TCS, 30 µg/L) alone vs. these combined with perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS, 10 µg/L) under semifield (i.e., soil experimental set) vs. hydroponics (i.e., soilless experimental set) growing conditions with lettuce, radish and tomato plants. Both experimental sets revealed efficient root uptake and translocation for the three ECs regardless of their co-existence with PFOS. The overall results of the uptake and translocation of the ECs in the lettuce and tomato plants suggested a simultaneous treatment-plant organ interaction, which was not affected by PFOS being present in both experimental sets. PFOS in irrigation water did not increase cellular perviousness to the other three ECs. These observations support the hypothesis of factors other than PFOS being responsible for the differential bioaccumulation and translocation potentials seen in both experimental sets. However, the radish plants co-irrigated with PFOS brought about increased movement of ECs from roots to aerial parts, more specifically ATN and CBZ in the soil experimental set, and ATN and TCS in the soilless set. These results support the notion that factors inherent to the physiological characteristics of this root vegetable contributed to ECs' increased tendency to move from roots to aerial parts. Despite the three ECs efficiently accumulating, the risk to humans from eating the edible parts of these plants grown under soil or soilless conditions was low.
地中海是一个农业生产的重要地区，但由于新兴污染物（ECs）的存在，该地区同时面临着环境压力和淡水污染。在这些污染物中，表面活性剂被认为可以提高其他 ECs 的生物利用度。本研究评估了在半田间（即土壤实验设置）和水培（即无土实验设置）条件下，与单独灌溉暴露相比，单独灌溉暴露于普萘洛尔（ATN，60μg/L）、卡马西平（CBZ，60μg/L）和三氯生（TCS，30μg/L）以及与全氟辛烷磺酸（PFOS，10μg/L）联合灌溉暴露对生菜、萝卜和番茄植物的吸收和转运的比较。无论 ECs 是否与 PFOS 共存，两种实验设置都显示出三种 ECs 的有效根部吸收和转运。无论 PFOS 存在于两种实验设置中，生菜和番茄植物中 ECs 的吸收和转运的总体结果都表明存在同时的处理-植物器官相互作用。PFOS 不会增加灌溉水中其他三种 ECs 的细胞通透性。这些观察结果支持了除 PFOS 以外的其他因素对两种实验设置中观察到的生物积累和转运潜力差异负责的假设。然而，与 PFOS 共同灌溉的萝卜植物增加了 ECs 从根部向地上部分的迁移，在土壤实验设置中更具体地说是 ATN 和 CBZ，在无土设置中则是 ATN 和 TCS。这些结果支持这样一种观点，即这种根茎类蔬菜的生理特性固有因素导致 ECs 从根部向地上部分迁移的趋势增加。尽管这三种 ECs 有效地积累，但在土壤或无土条件下生长的这些植物的可食用部分对人类的风险仍然较低。
