Institute for Medical Information Processing, Biometry and Epidemiology - IBE, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany; Pettenkofer School of Public Health, Munich, Germany; Department of Occupational and Environmental Health/Epidemiology, Bavarian Health and Food Safety Authority (LGL), Pfarrstr. 3, 80538, Munich, Germany.
Department of Occupational and Environmental Health/Epidemiology, Bavarian Health and Food Safety Authority (LGL), Pfarrstr. 3, 80538, Munich, Germany.
Int J Hyg Environ Health. 2021 May;234:113718. doi: 10.1016/j.ijheh.2021.113718. Epub 2021 Mar 16.
A compulsory school entrance examination of pre-school children (SEU) is administered in the German state of Bavaria. Every second year since 2004, the examinations are expanded in six study regions using a cross-sectional survey design (GME). However, the extent to which the results of the GME surveys are generalizable to the SEU population is unknown. Therefore, this study carried out a poststratification of two different GME surveys. The aim was to observe the impact of poststratification on an exemplary analysis of influencing factors for three allergy and asthma related outcomes (hay fever, asthma, wheezing) and thus to better understand this important question.
First, poststratification was applied to correct for deviances of the GME sample in comparison to the SEU population. Logistic regression was used to determine the auxiliary variables for the poststratification. Following this, a composite variable as a linear combination was created to calculate weighting factors. Next, logistic regression analyses were applied to analyze possible influencing factors for three allergy and asthma related outcomes (hay fever, asthma and wheezing) in two GME surveys (2005/2006 and 2012/2013). Subsequently, the differences arising from poststratification were examined in more detail.
This study supports the hypothesis that the GME sample deviates from the SEU population. Mother tongue other than German of at least one parent, complete vaccination status and conspicuous visuomotor test results were positively associated with participation in both GME surveys. The prevalence for hay fever, asthma and frequent wheeze did not change statistically significant from 2005/2006 to 2012/2013. In the twelve analyses before and after poststratification, male sex was statistically significant associated with the three allergy and asthma related outcomes (e.g. asthma 2005/2006 after poststratification, aOR: 2.06, 95%-CI: 1.56-2.71). A high body mass index was positively associated with asthma (e.g. 2005/2006 after poststratification, aOR: 1.12, 95%-CI: 1.05-1.20). Poststratification caused a significant change in the sample composition.
It might be suggested that a poststratification should be performed for each GME survey. Poststratification tended to make results more comparable with previous research. In accordance with previous research, this study confirmed that male sex and high BMI are associated with asthma.
在德国巴伐利亚州，对学前儿童进行强制性入学考试（SEU）。自 2004 年以来，每隔一年，在六个研究区域使用横断面调查设计（GME）扩展考试。然而，GME 调查的结果在多大程度上可以推广到 SEU 人群尚不清楚。因此，本研究对两次不同的 GME 调查进行了后分层。目的是观察后分层对三个过敏和哮喘相关结果（花粉热、哮喘、喘息）的影响因素进行分析的影响，从而更好地理解这个重要问题。
首先，应用后分层来校正 GME 样本与 SEU 人群之间的偏差。使用逻辑回归确定后分层的辅助变量。在此之后，创建一个复合变量作为线性组合，以计算加权因素。接下来，应用逻辑回归分析来分析两次 GME 调查（2005/2006 年和 2012/2013 年）中三个过敏和哮喘相关结果（花粉热、哮喘和喘息）的可能影响因素。随后，更详细地检查了后分层产生的差异。
本研究支持以下假设，即 GME 样本与 SEU 人群存在偏差。至少有一位父母的母语不是德语、完全接种疫苗状态和明显的视动测试结果与两次 GME 调查的参与呈正相关。2005/2006 年至 2012/2013 年，花粉热、哮喘和频繁喘息的患病率没有统计学意义上的变化。在分层前后的 12 项分析中，男性在统计学上与三个过敏和哮喘相关结果相关（例如，2005/2006 年分层后，aOR：2.06，95%-CI：1.56-2.71）。高体重指数与哮喘呈正相关（例如，2005/2006 年分层后，aOR：1.12，95%-CI：1.05-1.20）。分层后，样本构成发生了显著变化。
建议对每次 GME 调查进行后分层。后分层使结果更能与先前的研究相比较。与先前的研究一致，本研究证实男性和高 BMI 与哮喘有关。
