Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Plant Production, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran.
Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Plant Production, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran.
Phytochemistry. 2021 Jun;186:112737. doi: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2021.112737. Epub 2021 Mar 16.
Junipers (Juniperus spp.) are important pharmaceutical plants, and they are commonly grown in the northern hemisphere because of the various medicinal properties attributed to the Juniperus genus. However, despite their pharmaceutical and also industrial importance, and despite plant diversity being a common topic of research among professional breeding programs, there is a relatively small body of work which focuses on diversity in juniper, and this is especially true of juniper species that are native to Iran. Thus, the present study set out to investigate juniper diversity via identifying any morphological, phytochemical, and genetic differences among and within three important species of Iranian junipers. The data revealed the terpenoid profiles of the investigated species to be distinct from one another, with α-pinene, β-pinene, myrcene, sabinene, and limonene being the predominant terpenoids detected. Intriguingly, high levels of myrtenyl acetate were detected in the J. sabina tissue collected from the Ramsar site, and this terpenoid was not found in either of the other studied species, nor has it been noted in any other studies that focus on juniper. The genetic variation of Juniperus was analyzed using five ISSR markers and the molecular variance was computed using the GenAlEx software. The results revealed there to be a high degree of genetic diversity both among and within the studied populations. A dendrogram of the genetic data using the UPGMA method with the Dice coefficient divided the genotypes into two main groups. J. communis and J. excelsa were grouped together, while J. sabina was separated into its own group. In general, morphologically speaking, the leaf and cone types were found to be chiefly influential vis-à-vis separating the populations into their respective groups. Ultimately, it is our hope that the biochemical, genetic, and morphological diversity data collected from these species will contribute to the success of future juniper breeding and restoration programs.
杜松（ Juniperus spp. ）是重要的药用植物，由于杜松属具有各种药用特性，因此在北半球广泛种植。然而，尽管它们具有药用和工业重要性，而且植物多样性是专业育种计划研究的常见主题，但专注于杜松多样性的工作相对较少，特别是针对原产于伊朗的杜松物种。因此，本研究旨在通过鉴定三种重要的伊朗杜松种内和种间的任何形态、植物化学和遗传差异来研究杜松的多样性。研究结果表明，所研究的物种的萜烯图谱彼此不同，α-蒎烯、β-蒎烯、月桂烯、柠檬烯和薄荷烯是检测到的主要萜烯。有趣的是，在拉姆斯尔地区采集的 J. sabina 组织中检测到高浓度的乙酸薄荷酯，而在其他两种研究物种中均未发现该萜烯，也未在任何其他关注杜松的研究中注意到。使用 5 个 ISSR 标记分析了 Juniperus 的遗传变异，并使用 GenAlEx 软件计算了分子方差。结果表明，研究种群之间和种群内部均存在高度遗传多样性。使用 UPGMA 方法和 Dice 系数构建的遗传数据分析树状图将基因型分为两个主要组。J. communis 和 J. excelsa 聚为一组，而 J. sabina 则分为一组。一般来说，从形态学上讲，叶片和球果类型主要影响将种群分为各自的组。总的来说，我们希望从这些物种收集的生化、遗传和形态多样性数据将有助于未来的杜松育种和恢复计划的成功。
