Wu Yu-Xuan, Zhang Yun-Di, Li Na, Wu De-Dong, Li Qi-Meng, Chen Yun-Ze, Zhang Guo-Cai, Yang Jing
Heilongjiang Province Key Laboratory of Forest Protection, School of Forest, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China.
School of Biological Sciences, Guizhou Education University, Guiyang, China.
Front Microbiol. 2022 Sep 23;13:1000526. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1000526. eCollection 2022.
Juniper essential oil (JEO), which is mostly known as an immune system booster and effective detoxifier, has substantial antimicrobial activity. A comparison of the inhibitory effects of three plant essential oils from juniper (), cedarwood (), and cypress () on four plant pathogenic fungi indicated that JEO was the most effective at inhibiting the growth of gray mold (). Additional studies were subsequently conducted to explore the and antifungal activity and possible mechanism of JEO against . The results show that JEO inhibited the germination of spores and mycelial growth of in a concentration-dependent manner and exhibited strong inhibition when its concentration exceeded 10 μL/mL. JEO also significantly inhibited the incidence of disease and diameters of gray mold lesions on cherry tomato fruit (). After 12 h of treatment with JEO, the extracellular conductivity, and the contents of soluble protein, malondialdehyde, and hydrogen peroxide were 3.1, 1.2, 7.2, and 4.7 folds higher than those of the control group, respectively ( < 0.05), which indicated that JEO can damage membranes. Scanning electron microscopy observations revealed that JEO affected the morphology of mycelia, causing them to shrivel, twist and distort. Furthermore, JEO significantly improved the activities of the antioxidant-related enzymes superoxide dismutase and catalase but reduced the pathogenicity-related enzymes polygalacturonase (PG), pectin lyase and endoglucanase of ( < 0.05). In particular, PG was reduced by 93% after treatment with JEO for 12 h. Moreover, the 18 constituents of JEO were identified by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis, mainly limonene (15.17%), γ-terpinene (8.3%), β-myrcene (4.56%), terpinen-4-ol (24.26%), linalool (8.73%), α-terpineol (1.03%), o-cymene (8.35%) and other substances with antimicrobial activity. Therefore, JEO can be an effective alternative to prevent and control gray mold on cherry tomato fruit.
杜松精油（JEO），通常被认为是一种免疫系统增强剂和有效的解毒剂，具有显著的抗菌活性。对来自杜松、雪松木和柏树的三种植物精油对四种植物病原真菌的抑制作用进行比较，结果表明杜松精油在抑制灰霉病生长方面最为有效。随后进行了进一步研究，以探讨杜松精油对灰霉病的抗真菌活性及其可能的作用机制。结果表明，杜松精油以浓度依赖的方式抑制灰霉病孢子的萌发和菌丝体生长，当浓度超过10μL/mL时表现出强烈的抑制作用。杜松精油还显著抑制了樱桃番茄果实上灰霉病的发病率和病斑直径。用杜松精油处理12小时后，细胞外电导率、可溶性蛋白、丙二醛和过氧化氢的含量分别比对照组高3.1倍、1.2倍、7.2倍和4.7倍（P<0.05），这表明杜松精油会破坏细胞膜。扫描电子显微镜观察显示，杜松精油影响了菌丝体的形态，使其萎缩、扭曲和变形。此外，杜松精油显著提高了抗氧化相关酶超氧化物歧化酶和过氧化氢酶的活性，但降低了灰霉病的致病相关酶多聚半乳糖醛酸酶（PG）、果胶裂解酶和内切葡聚糖酶的活性（P<0.05）。特别是，用杜松精油处理12小时后，PG降低了93%。此外，通过气相色谱/质谱（GC-MS）分析鉴定了杜松精油的18种成分，主要为柠檬烯（15.17%）、γ-松油烯（8.3%）、β-月桂烯（4.56%）、萜品-4-醇（24.26%）、芳樟醇（8.73%）、α-松油醇（1.03%）、邻伞花烃（8.35%）以及其他具有抗菌活性的物质。因此，杜松精油可以成为预防和控制樱桃番茄果实灰霉病的有效替代品。
