Department of Neuroradiology, Kantonsspital Aarau, Tellstrasse 25, 5001, Aarau, Switzerland.
Department of Radiology and Medical Informatics, University of Geneva, 1202, Geneva, Switzerland.
BMC Med Imaging. 2021 Mar 19;21(1):53. doi: 10.1186/s12880-021-00579-3.
Adult-attention-deficit-hyperactive-disorder (ADHD) is often unrecognized condition. FMRI examination along with neuropsychological testing might strengthen the diagnosis. We hypothesized that ADHD-adults with and without medication would show different fMRI pattern compared to healthy controls while testing tasks of motor inhibition and cognitive switching.
45 subjects in three age-matched groups: (1) controls, (2) ADHD-adults under medication (ADHD+) and (3) medication-naïve adults with ADHD (ADHD-) underwent fMRI and neuropsychological testing. Group analysis and population-based statistics were performed.
DTVP-A, intellectual ability as well as attention capability, visual-perceptual and visual-motor abilities showed no significant differences between the groups. However, fMRI revealed statistically significant differences between the ADHD+, ADHD- and control groups on tasks of motor inhibition and cognitive switching on adults in bilateral fronto-striatal brain regions, inferior fronto-frontal, fronto-cingulate and fronto-parietal networks as well as in the parietal lobe (p < 0.05).
fMRI offers the potential to differentiate between the ADHD+, ADHD- and control groups. FMRI possibly opens a new window for monitoring the therapeutic effect of ADHD medication.
NCT02578342, registered at August 2015 to clinical trial registry ( https://ichgcp.net/clinical-trials-registry/NCT02578342 ).
成人注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）常被漏诊。功能磁共振成像（fMRI）检查结合神经心理学测试可能有助于提高诊断准确性。我们假设，与健康对照组相比，服用药物和未服用药物的 ADHD 成人在进行运动抑制和认知转换任务测试时，其 fMRI 模式会有所不同。
将 45 名年龄匹配的受试者分为三组：（1）对照组；（2）服用药物的 ADHD 成人（ADHD+）；（3）未服用药物的 ADHD 成人（ADHD-），对他们进行 fMRI 和神经心理学测试。对组间分析和基于人群的统计学进行了分析。
DTVP-A、智力能力和注意力能力、视觉感知和视觉运动能力在组间无显著差异。然而，在运动抑制和认知转换任务中，ADHD+、ADHD-和对照组成人的双侧额-纹状体脑区、额-额下、额-扣带回和额-顶叶网络以及顶叶存在统计学上的显著差异（p<0.05）。
fMRI 具有区分 ADHD+、ADHD-和对照组的潜力。fMRI 可能为监测 ADHD 药物治疗效果提供了一个新窗口。
NCT02578342，于 2015 年 8 月在临床试验注册中心注册（https://ichgcp.net/clinical-trials-registry/NCT02578342）。
