莱索托非孕妇人群肥胖流行率的社会经济、城乡和地区差异的时间趋势：来自莱索托人口与健康调查（2004-2014 年）的数据
Time trends in socio-economic, urban-rural and regional disparities in prevalence of obesity among non-pregnant women in Lesotho: evidence from Lesotho demographic and health surveys (2004-2014).
机构信息
HaSET Maternal and Child Health Research Program, Shewarobit Field Office, Shewarobit, Ethiopia.
Department of Reproductive, Family and Population Health, School of Public Health, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
出版信息
BMC Public Health. 2021 Mar 19;21(1):537. doi: 10.1186/s12889-021-10571-9.
BACKGROUND
The growing rates of obesity in developing countries are alarming. There is a paucity of evidence about disparities of obesity in Lesotho. This study examined socioeconomic and area-based inequalities in obesity among non-pregnant women in Lesotho.
METHODS
Data were extracted from the 2004, 2009 and 2014 Lesotho Demographic and Health Surveys (LDHS) and analyzed through the recently updated Health Equity Assessment Toolkit (HEAT) of the World Health Organization. Obesity prevalence was disaggregated by four equity stratifiers, namely education, wealth, residence and sub-national region. For each equity stratifier, simple and complex as well as relative and absolute summary measures were calculated. A 95% confidence interval was used to measure statistical significance of findings.
RESULTS
We noticed substantial wealth-driven (D = -21.10, 95% CI; - 25.94, - 16.26), subnational region (PAR = -11.82, 95%CI; - 16.09, - 7.55) and urban-rural (- 9.82, 95% CI; - 13.65, - 5.99) inequalities in obesity prevalence without the inequalities improved over time in all the studied years. However, we did not identify educational inequality in obesity.
CONCLUSIONS
Wealth-driven and geographical inequalities was identified in Lesotho in all the studied time periods while education related inequalities did not appear during the same time period. All population groups in the country need to be reached with interventions to reduce the burden of obesity in the country.
背景
发展中国家肥胖率的增长令人震惊。关于莱索托肥胖差异的证据很少。本研究调查了莱索托非孕妇人群中肥胖的社会经济和基于地区的不平等现象。
方法
数据来自 2004 年、2009 年和 2014 年莱索托人口与健康调查（LDHS），并通过世界卫生组织最近更新的卫生公平评估工具包（HEAT）进行分析。肥胖流行率按四个公平分层因素（教育、财富、居住地和国家以下地区）进行细分。对于每个公平分层因素，计算了简单和复杂以及相对和绝对综合衡量标准。使用 95%置信区间来衡量研究结果的统计学意义。
结果
我们发现肥胖存在显著的财富驱动（D=−21.10，95%置信区间；−25.94，−16.26）、国家以下地区（PAR=−11.82，95%置信区间；−16.09，−7.55）和城乡差异（−9.82，95%置信区间；−13.65，−5.99），而且所有研究年份的不平等现象都没有随着时间的推移而改善。然而，我们没有发现肥胖与教育程度之间存在不平等。
结论
在所有研究期间，莱索托都存在由财富驱动和地理差异引起的肥胖不平等现象，而在同一时期，与教育相关的不平等现象并不明显。该国所有人群都需要采取干预措施来减轻肥胖负担。
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