Kux M, Fuchsjäger N, Hirbawi A, Ghawidel K
Chirurgische Abteilung, St. Josef-Krankenhaus, Wien.
Langenbecks Arch Chir. 1988;373(2):73-7. doi: 10.1007/BF01262767.
The results of surgical treatment of 198 unselected consecutive cases of adenocarcinoma of the rectum at a district hospital between January 1, 1977 and June 30, 1985 are analysed. Characteristics of patients at a primary referral center include old age (47.2% greater than or equal to 70 years) and advanced tumor stage (44.4% Dukes C and D). Despite these unfavourable cohort characteristics tumor excision rate was 97.5%, the proportion of sphincter saving resections 72.0%, using exclusively a single layer hand-sutured technique. Operative mortality was 3.6 and 5.5% for sphincter saving resection and abdomino-perineal excision respectively. The uncorrected cumulative probability of survival at five years is 56.1% for women, 35.0% for men, with a definite advantage for sphincter saving resection in both sexes. Uncorrected cumulative probability of survival according to tumor stage was 72.4% for Dukes stages A and B combined, 30.0% for Dukes C and 0 for D. Where oncologically radical rectal and mesorectal excision is possible from the sole abdominal access, there, hand-sutured abdominal anastomosis is also feasible and advantageous due to resorbable suture material. Taking into account the adversities of unselected patient cohorts, progress is still being achieved in rectal carcinoma surgery without "specialisation" but with improving general surgical and anaesthesiologic techniques.
对1977年1月1日至1985年6月30日期间某地区医院收治的198例未经挑选的连续性直肠癌病例的手术治疗结果进行了分析。初级转诊中心的患者特征包括老年患者(47.2%年龄大于或等于70岁)和肿瘤晚期(44.4%为Dukes C期和D期)。尽管有这些不利的队列特征,肿瘤切除率仍为97.5%,保肛手术比例为72.0%,且仅采用单层手工缝合技术。保肛手术和腹会阴联合切除术的手术死亡率分别为3.6%和5.5%。女性五年未校正累积生存率为56.1%,男性为35.0%,保肛手术对男女两性均有明显优势。根据肿瘤分期,Dukes A期和B期联合的五年未校正累积生存率为72.4%,Dukes C期为30.0%,D期为0。在仅通过腹部入路即可进行肿瘤根治性直肠和直肠系膜切除的情况下,由于可吸收缝合材料的使用,手工缝合的腹部吻合术也是可行且有利的。考虑到未经挑选的患者队列的不利因素,在没有“专业化”但普通外科和麻醉技术不断改进的情况下,直肠癌手术仍在取得进展。