Lin Xu-Meng, Su Cheng-Yuan, Wu Shu-Min, Huang Xian, Deng Xue, Lin Xiang-Feng, Huang Zun, Wei Jia-Lin
Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection, Ministry of Education, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, China.
School of Environment and Resources, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, China.
Huan Jing Ke Xue. 2021 Apr 8;42(4):1946-1955. doi: 10.13227/j.hjkx.202006030.
The effects of polyether sulfone (PES) microplastics and 2,4-dichlorophenol (2,4-DCP) on the loosely-bound extracellular polymeric substances (LB-EPS) and tightly-bound EPS (TB-EPS) of anaerobic granular sludge were investigated. In addition, high-throughput sequencing technology was used to analyze the changes in the microbial community and gene functions in the anaerobic granular sludge. The results revealed that the chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal rates of the 2,4-DCP and PES+2,4-DCP experimental groups were 35% and 37%, which were 57% and 55% lower than that of the blank control group, while the COD removal rates of the PES experimental group remained around 90%. After the addition of the PES microplastics and 2,4-DCP, the protein and polysaccharide contents in the LB-EPS decreased compared with the control group, and the polysaccharide content in TB-EPS increased the least. In presence of the PES microplastics and 2,4-DCP, the activity of coenzyme F was inhibited. Through high-throughput sequencing, the microbial richness and diversity of the anaerobic granular sludge in the experimental group were reduced with the addition of the PES microplastics or 2,4-DCP. In the control group and the experimental group, the dominant bacteria at the phylum level were Proteobacteria (13.45%-44.47%), Firmicutes (6.86%-21.67%), and Actinobacteria (3.16%-18.11%). The abundance of -Proteobacteria in the PES+2,4-DCP experimental group was reduced by 15.28%, while the abundance of -Proteobacteria increased by 28.44% compared with the control group. Based on the phylogenetic investigation of the communities using the reconstruction of unobserved states (PICRUSt) analysis, it was found that in the experimental group with the PES microplastics or 2,4-DCP, the genes related to the sludge energy metabolism function were 0.25%-0.72% more than the control group; therefore, the abundance of genes related to the transport function group decreased significantly.
研究了聚醚砜（PES）微塑料和2,4-二氯苯酚（2,4-DCP）对厌氧颗粒污泥中松散结合的胞外聚合物（LB-EPS）和紧密结合的EPS（TB-EPS）的影响。此外，采用高通量测序技术分析了厌氧颗粒污泥中微生物群落和基因功能的变化。结果表明，2,4-DCP和PES+2,4-DCP实验组的化学需氧量（COD）去除率分别为35%和37%，比空白对照组低57%和55%，而PES实验组的COD去除率保持在90%左右。添加PES微塑料和2,4-DCP后，LB-EPS中的蛋白质和多糖含量与对照组相比有所下降，TB-EPS中的多糖含量增加最少。在存在PES微塑料和2,4-DCP的情况下，辅酶F的活性受到抑制。通过高通量测序，随着PES微塑料或2,4-DCP的添加，实验组厌氧颗粒污泥的微生物丰富度和多样性降低。在对照组和实验组中，门水平上的优势菌为变形菌门（13.45%-44.47%）、厚壁菌门（6.86%-21.67%）和放线菌门（3.16%-18.11%）。与对照组相比，PES+2,4-DCP实验组中α-变形菌门的丰度降低了15.28%，而β-变形菌门的丰度增加了28.44%。基于未观察状态重建的群落系统发育调查（PICRUSt）分析发现，在添加PES微塑料或2,4-DCP的实验组中，与污泥能量代谢功能相关的基因比对照组多0.25%-0.72%；因此，与转运功能组相关的基因丰度显著降低。
