Social and Behavioral Science Branch, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, 6710 Rockledge Drive, Building 6710B, Room 3153A, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
Section of Clinical and Computational Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, 9000 Rockville Pike, Building 15k, Room 208, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. Electronic address: https://twitter.com/argStringaris.
Child Adolesc Psychiatr Clin N Am. 2021 Apr;30(2):401-414. doi: 10.1016/j.chc.2020.10.009.
Based on its course over time, irritability is linked to depression cross-sectionally and longitudinally. Cross-sectionally, irritability takes an episodic form as a symptom in pediatric depression; yet, irritability in the absence of depressed mood or anhedonia is rare. Longitudinally, chronic irritability has been shown to predict depression rather than bipolar disorder or externalizing disorders. Evidence suggests that the link between irritability and depression is explained mostly by shared genetic risk. Both conditions are also associated with higher rates of family history of depression, childhood temperaments and personality styles, and negative parenting styles. The treatment implications are discussed.
根据其随时间的变化过程，易激惹与抑郁在横断面和纵向都有关联。在横断面上，易激惹呈发作性形式，是儿科抑郁症的一种症状；然而，在没有抑郁情绪或快感缺失的情况下，易激惹很少见。在纵向研究中，慢性易激惹已被证明可预测抑郁，而非双相障碍或外化障碍。有证据表明，易激惹与抑郁之间的联系主要归因于共同的遗传风险。这两种情况也与更高的抑郁症家族史、儿童气质和人格类型以及消极的育儿方式相关。讨论了其治疗意义。
