Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2021 Nov;50(11):1477-1484. doi: 10.1016/j.ijom.2021.03.003. Epub 2021 Mar 18.
Trigonocephaly is the result of premature fusion of the metopic suture and its severity can vary widely. However, there is no gold standard for quantification of the severity. This study was performed to quantify severity using the Utrecht Cranial Shape Quantifier (UCSQ) and to assess forehead symmetry. Nineteen preoperative non-syndromic trigonocephaly patients (age ≤1 year) were included for the analysis of severity and symmetry. Severity according to the UCSQ was based on the following combined variables: forehead width and relative skull elongation. The UCSQ was compared to the most established quantification methods. A high correlation was found between the UCSQ and visual score (r=0.71). Moderate to negligible correlation was found between the UCSQ and frontal angle, binocular distance, inter-ocular distance, and frontal stenosis. Additionally, correlation between the visual score and these established quantification methods was negligible. Assessment of the frontal peak (a)symmetry (ratio of right to left triangle area in the curve) showed a mean right versus left triangle area ratio of 1.4 (range 0.9-2.4). The results suggest that the UCSQ is appropriate for the quantification of severity based on the high correlation with clinical judgement. Furthermore, a larger triangle area right than left was unexpectedly found, indicating forehead asymmetry.
三角头畸形是额骨正中缝过早融合的结果，其严重程度差异很大。然而，目前还没有用于严重程度定量的金标准。本研究旨在使用乌得勒支颅形定量仪（UCSQ）对严重程度进行定量，并评估前额对称性。分析了 19 例非综合征性三角头畸形患者（年龄≤1 岁）的严重程度和对称性。根据 UCSQ 的严重程度是基于以下组合变量：前额宽度和相对颅骨伸长。将 UCSQ 与最常用的定量方法进行了比较。发现 UCSQ 与视觉评分之间具有高度相关性（r=0.71）。UCSQ 与额角、双眼距离、眼距和额部狭窄之间存在中度至弱度相关性。此外，视觉评分与这些既定的定量方法之间的相关性也很弱。对额部峰值（左右）对称性的评估（曲线中右三角区与左三角区面积的比值）显示右三角形面积与左三角形面积的比值平均为 1.4（范围 0.9-2.4）。结果表明，UCSQ 非常适合基于与临床判断的高度相关性进行严重程度的定量。此外，还发现右侧三角形面积大于左侧，这表明前额存在不对称性。
