Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing, 400714, China.
Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing, 400714, China; College of Life Science, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, China.
Environ Pollut. 2021 Jun 15;279:116925. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.116925. Epub 2021 Mar 10.
Numerous pieces of evidence documented the importance of gut microbiota in regulating human health and evaluating the toxicity of environmental pollutants, which are closely related to the host health in various aspects, including nutrition, energy translation, metabolism, pathogen resistance, and immune function. A variety of environmental factors can disrupt gut microbiota and their functions, and inevitably cause immune diseases, obesity and diabetes. However, deciphering the inner mechanisms involved in the functional interaction of gut microbes with host health is still needed extensive investigations. This review focused on the essential roles of intestinal microbes in host-related diseases and highlighted the development and applications of germ-free (GF) animal models, mainly zebrafish. Moreover, the generation, immunity characters, advantages and challenges of GF zebrafish models were also summarized. Importantly, the composition and isolation of zebrafish gut bacteria for further application and toxicity evaluation of aquatic environmental pollutants were also discussed. In conclusion, GF zebrafish play irreplaceable roles in understanding the potential functions and responses of customized microbiota towards human and environmental health implications.
大量证据表明肠道微生物群在调节人类健康和评估环境污染物的毒性方面具有重要作用，这些作用与宿主在营养、能量转化、代谢、病原体抗性和免疫功能等各个方面的健康密切相关。各种环境因素会破坏肠道微生物群及其功能，并不可避免地导致免疫性疾病、肥胖和糖尿病。然而，要阐明肠道微生物与宿主健康之间功能相互作用的内在机制，仍需要广泛的研究。本综述重点介绍了肠道微生物在与宿主相关疾病中的重要作用，并强调了无菌（GF）动物模型的开发和应用，主要是斑马鱼。此外，还总结了 GF 斑马鱼模型的产生、免疫特性、优势和挑战。重要的是，还讨论了斑马鱼肠道细菌的组成和分离，以进一步应用和评估水生环境污染物的毒性。总之，GF 斑马鱼在理解定制微生物群对人类和环境健康的潜在功能和反应方面发挥着不可替代的作用。
