Department of Anesthesiology, The Third Hospital of Nanchang, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China.
Department of Anesthesiology, Shangrao People's Hospital, Shangrao, Jiangxi, China.
Nutrition. 2021 Jul-Aug;87-88:111197. doi: 10.1016/j.nut.2021.111197. Epub 2021 Feb 12.
Controversial results of the association between green tea consumption and risk for esophageal cancer (EC) were reported by previous meta-analysis. Thus, the aim of this study was to quantitatively investigate the association.
The Cochrane Library, PubMed, and EMBASE databases were searched for relevant studies. We used a "one-stage approach" with a restricted cubic spline model to summarize the dose-specific relationships between green tea and risk for EC. Odds ratios (ORs) were used to measure the effects. Fourteen studies were included with a total of 5057 ECs among 493 332 participants.
In the dose-response analysis, the summary OR for a 1 cup/d increase in green tea was 1.00 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.95-1.04; I = 77%). No nonlinearity association was observed between tea consumption and risk for EC (P = 0.71 for nonlinearity). In the subgroup of sex, the summary OR for a 1 cup/d increase in green tea was 1.03 (95% CI, 0.95-1.11, I = 67%) for men and 0.79 (95% CI, 0.68-0.91; I = 0%) for women.
Contrary to previous studies, based on current evidence, the present dose-response study suggested no association between green tea and risk for EC. However, there might be a protective effect of green tea in women. Notably, our conclusion might be influenced by limited studies and potential bias, such as dose of green tea assessment and select bias of case-control studies. Further larger number, prospective, and well-designed larger-scale studies are needed to provide more precise evidence, especially in women and more regions (United States and Europe).
之前的荟萃分析报告了绿茶摄入与食管癌（EC）风险之间的关联存在争议结果。因此，本研究旨在定量研究这种关联。
检索了 Cochrane 图书馆、PubMed 和 EMBASE 数据库中相关的研究。我们使用限制三次样条模型的“一阶段方法”来总结绿茶与 EC 风险之间的剂量特异性关系。使用比值比（OR）来衡量效果。纳入了 14 项研究，共有 493332 名参与者中有 5057 例 EC。
在剂量反应分析中，每天增加 1 杯绿茶的汇总 OR 为 1.00（95%置信区间[CI]，0.95-1.04；I = 77%）。未观察到绿茶摄入量与 EC 风险之间存在非线性关联（非线性检验 P = 0.71）。在性别亚组中，每天增加 1 杯绿茶的汇总 OR 为男性 1.03（95% CI，0.95-1.11，I = 67%）和女性 0.79（95% CI，0.68-0.91；I = 0%）。
与之前的研究相反，基于目前的证据，本剂量反应研究表明绿茶与 EC 风险之间没有关联。然而，绿茶对女性可能具有保护作用。值得注意的是，我们的结论可能受到研究数量有限和潜在偏倚的影响，例如绿茶剂量评估和病例对照研究的选择偏倚。需要进一步进行更多数量、前瞻性和精心设计的大规模研究，以提供更准确的证据，特别是在女性和更多地区（美国和欧洲）。
