Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea.
Department of Psychiatry, Kyungpook National University Children's Hospital, Daegu, Republic of Korea.
Clin Child Psychol Psychiatry. 2021 Jul;26(3):823-838. doi: 10.1177/13591045211000781. Epub 2021 Mar 21.
This study investigated the associations among family income and life satisfaction in parents, and parenting styles, income, and overall happiness and depression in their adolescents. A total of 1,913 participants comprising adolescents (aged 14-16) and their parents were recruited for this study. Participants were assessed using self-report questionnaires. Monthly household income was recorded by an open-ended question item. The life satisfaction of parents and overall happiness of adolescents were assessed by one item each, rated on a 4-point Likert scale. Three subtypes of parenting style (affectionate, monitoring, over-control) were evaluated by adolescents using an inventory consisting of 21 items on a 4-point Likert scale. Adolescents' depression was assessed with a checklist rated by the adolescents, consisting of 10 items on a 4-point Likert scale. The odds ratio (OR) for life dissatisfaction in adults was significantly higher in the lower (1st and 2nd) quintile groups of household income, by 9.94 ( < .001) and 3.50 ( < .001) folds, respectively, compared to the highest (5th) group. In contrast, household income had no significant association with life unhappiness in adolescents. Further, total household income had no significant association with the adolescent's depression score in linear regression analysis, but parenting style did. While affectionate (β = -0.260; < .001) and monitoring (β = -0.100; < .001) parenting styles showed negative associations with adolescents' depression scores, over-control style (β = 0.120; < .001) showed a positive association. The results indicate the differences in factors impacting the life satisfaction of adults and happiness of adolescents, and the importance of effective parenting for adolescents' mental health.
本研究旨在探讨父母的家庭收入与生活满意度、教养方式、收入与青少年整体幸福感和抑郁之间的关系。共招募了 1913 名青少年（年龄在 14-16 岁之间）及其父母作为研究对象。参与者使用自陈式问卷进行评估。家庭月收入通过开放式问题进行记录。父母的生活满意度和青少年的整体幸福感分别用一个项目进行评估，评分采用 4 点 Likert 量表。青少年使用包含 21 个项目的量表评估三种教养方式亚型（关爱型、监控型、过度控制型）。青少年的抑郁通过青少年自评的检查表进行评估，该检查表包含 10 个项目，采用 4 点 Likert 量表评分。与收入最高（第五）组相比，家庭收入较低（第一和第二）五分位组的成年人生活不满的比值比（OR）分别高出 9.94（ < .001）和 3.50（ < .001）倍。相比之下，家庭收入与青少年的生活不幸福感无显著相关性。此外，在线性回归分析中，家庭总收入与青少年的抑郁评分无显著相关性，但教养方式有。关爱型（β = -0.260； < .001）和监控型（β = -0.100； < .001）教养方式与青少年的抑郁评分呈负相关，而过度控制型（β = 0.120； < .001）教养方式与青少年的抑郁评分呈正相关。结果表明，影响成年人生活满意度和青少年幸福感的因素存在差异，有效的教养方式对青少年的心理健康非常重要。
