Fu Xin, Hopton Matthew E, Wang Xinhao
College of Landscape Architecture and Arts, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China.
Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
J Clean Prod. 2021 Mar 20;289. doi: 10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.125146.
Green infrastructure (GI) is widely recognized for reducing risk of flooding, improving water quality, and harvesting stormwater for potential future use. GI can be an important part of a strategy used in urban planning to enhance sustainable development and urban resilience. However, existing literature lacks a comprehensive assessment framework to evaluate GI performance in terms of promoting ecosystem functions and services for social-ecological system resilience. We propose a robust indicator set consisting of quantitative and qualitative measurements for a scenario-based planning support system to assess the capacity of urban resilience. Green Infrastructure in Urban Resilience Planning Support System (GIUR-PSS) supports decision-making for GI planning through scenario comparisons with the urban resilience capacity index. To demonstrate GIUR-PSS, we developed five scenarios for the Congress Run sub-watershed (Mill Creek watershed, Ohio, USA) to test common types of GI (rain barrels, rain gardens, detention basins, porous pavement, and open space). Results show the open space scenario achieves the overall highest performance (GI Urban Resilience Index = 4.27/5). To implement the open space scenario in our urban demonstration site, suitable vacant lots could be converted to greenspace (e.g., forest, detention basins, and low-impact recreation areas). GIUR-PSS is easy to replicate, customize, and apply to cities of different sizes to assess environmental, economic, and social benefits provided by different types of GI installations.
绿色基础设施（GI）因其能降低洪水风险、改善水质以及收集雨水以供未来潜在使用而得到广泛认可。GI可以成为城市规划中用于增强可持续发展和城市韧性的战略的重要组成部分。然而，现有文献缺乏一个全面的评估框架，来从促进生态系统功能和服务以实现社会生态系统韧性的角度评估GI的性能。我们提出了一套强大的指标集，包括定量和定性测量，用于基于情景的规划支持系统，以评估城市韧性的能力。城市韧性规划支持系统中的绿色基础设施（GIUR-PSS）通过与城市韧性能力指数进行情景比较，为GI规划提供决策支持。为了展示GIUR-PSS，我们为美国俄亥俄州米尔溪流域的国会径流子流域开发了五个情景，以测试常见类型的GI（雨水桶、雨水花园、滞洪池、多孔路面和开放空间）。结果表明，开放空间情景的整体表现最佳（GI城市韧性指数 = 4.27/5）。为了在我们的城市示范场地实施开放空间情景，可以将合适的空地改造成绿地（例如森林、滞洪池和低影响娱乐区）。GIUR-PSS易于复制、定制，并应用于不同规模的城市，以评估不同类型GI设施提供的环境、经济和社会效益。
