Jumawan Joycelyn C, Estaño Leonardo A
Department of Biology, College of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Caraga State University, Butuan City, Agusan Del Norte Philippines.
J Parasit Dis. 2021 Sep;45(3):851-858. doi: 10.1007/s12639-021-01372-3. Epub 2021 Mar 15.
Schistosomiasis is a parasitic disease caused by blood flukes of the genus and involves bovines and snails as a reservoir and intermediate hosts, respectively. This disease is endemic in Lake Mainit, Philippines, as early as 1947. The study was conducted to determine the prevalence of infection in ricefields adjacent to Lake Mainit by collecting snails and bovine fecal samples which are then subjected to laboratory examination and analysis. A total of 345 individuals and 32 bovine fecal samples were collected from six barangay rice field stations adjacent to Lake Mainit from February and July 2020 Among the six barangays, Alipao had the highest prevalence of in (39.71%), followed by San Isidro (28.3%), Matin-ao (18%), Poblacion (15%), and Magpayang (2.5%). No snails were collected in the ricefields of Cuyago. had an overall prevalence of 14.71% in all the bovines sampled, where Cuyago had the highest prevalence (50.0%) followed by Alipao (33.33%). The intensity of infection of eggs per gram (MPEG = 0.70) among bovines is categorized as light. Bovine contamination index calculations revealed that, on average, infected bovines in Lake Mainit excrete ~ 55,000 eggs per day. The study confirms the important role of bovines as a reservoir host for schistosomiasis. The presence of both infected bovines and in ricefields makes this agricultural venue an important nidus of emergence in Lake Mainit. An integrated approach of mass drug administration (MDA) of praziquantel, implementation of a bovine vaccine-directed control program, and providing farmers with mechanized farm equipment are highly recommended to minimize the risk of exposure and infection to schistosomiasis in rice fields adjacent to the lake.
血吸虫病是一种由血吸虫属的血吸虫引起的寄生虫病，牛和蜗牛分别作为保虫宿主和中间宿主。早在1947年，这种疾病就在菲律宾的迈尼特湖地区流行。本研究旨在通过收集蜗牛和牛粪样本，然后进行实验室检查和分析，来确定迈尼特湖附近稻田中血吸虫感染的流行情况。2020年2月至7月，从迈尼特湖附近的六个村稻田站点共采集了345只蜗牛和32份牛粪样本。在这六个村中，阿利帕奥的蜗牛血吸虫感染率最高（39.71%），其次是圣伊西德罗（28.3%）、马丁奥（18%）、波夫拉西翁（15%）和马帕扬（2.5%）。在库亚戈的稻田中未采集到蜗牛。所有采样牛的血吸虫总体感染率为14.71%，其中库亚戈的感染率最高（50.0%），其次是阿利帕奥（33.33%）。牛群中每克粪便中血吸虫卵的感染强度（平均每克虫卵数=0.70）被归类为轻度。牛粪污染指数计算表明，迈尼特湖受感染的牛平均每天排泄约55000个血吸虫卵。该研究证实了牛作为血吸虫病保虫宿主的重要作用。稻田中同时存在受感染的牛和蜗牛，使得这个农业场所成为迈尼特湖地区血吸虫病传播的重要疫源地。强烈建议采用综合方法，即大规模施用吡喹酮、实施针对牛的疫苗控制计划，并为农民提供机械化农具，以尽量降低迈尼特湖附近稻田中接触和感染血吸虫病的风险。
