Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States.
College of Public Health, Health Informatics Institute, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States.
Front Immunol. 2021 Mar 3;12:642791. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.642791. eCollection 2021.
The overall performance of a multiple component vaccine assessed by the vaccine-elicited immune responses across various strains in a repeated vaccination setting has not been well-studied, and the comparison between adults and teenagers is yet to be made. A human cohort study was conducted at the University of Georgia, with 140 subjects (86 adults and 54 teenagers) repeatedly vaccinated in the 2017/2018 and 2018/2019 influenza seasons. Host information was prospectively collected, and serum samples were collected before and after vaccination in each season. The association between host factors and repeated measures of hemagglutination inhibition (HAI) composite scores was assessed by generalized linear models with generalized estimating equations. The mean HAI composite scores for the entire sample ( = 4.26, = 139, < 0.001) and the teenager group ( = 6.44, = 53, < 0.001) declined in the second season, while the changes in the adults were not statistically significant ( = -1.14, = 85, = 0.26). A mixture pattern of changes in both directions was observed in the adults when stratified by prior vaccination. In addition, the regression analysis suggested an interactive effect of age and BMI on the HAI composite scores in the overall population (beta = 0.005; 95% CI, 0.0008-0.01) and the adults (beta = 0.005; 95% CI, 0.0005-0.01). Our study found distinct vaccine-elicited immune responses between adults and teenagers when both were repeatedly vaccinated in consecutive years. An interactive effect of age and BMI on the HAI composite scores were identified in the overall population and the adults.
在重复接种疫苗的情况下，通过疫苗引起的免疫应答在各种病毒株中的综合表现来评估多组分疫苗的总体性能尚未得到很好的研究，并且尚未对成年人和青少年进行比较。佐治亚大学进行了一项人类队列研究，在 2017/2018 和 2018/2019 流感季节中，对 140 名受试者（86 名成年人和 54 名青少年）进行了重复接种。前瞻性收集宿主信息，并在每个季节的疫苗接种前后采集血清样本。通过广义估计方程的广义线性模型评估宿主因素与血凝抑制（HAI）综合评分的重复测量之间的关联。整个样本（ = 4.26， = 139， < 0.001）和青少年组（ = 6.44， = 53， < 0.001）的平均 HAI 综合评分在第二个季节下降，而成年人的变化在统计学上无显著差异（ = -1.14， = 85， = 0.26）。当按先前接种情况对成年人进行分层时，观察到两者都呈混合模式的变化。此外，回归分析表明年龄和 BMI 对总体人群（β = 0.005；95%CI，0.0008-0.01）和成年人（β = 0.005；95%CI，0.0005-0.01）的 HAI 综合评分存在交互作用。我们的研究发现，当成年人在连续几年中重复接种疫苗时，成年人和青少年之间存在明显不同的疫苗引起的免疫应答。在总人口和成年人中，年龄和 BMI 对 HAI 综合评分的交互作用得到了确认。
