Gkolfinopoulos Stavros, Psyrri Amanda, Bamias Aristotelis
2 Propaedeutic Dept. of Internal Medicine, National & Kapodistrian University of Athens, ATTIKON University Hospital, Athens, Greece.
Oncol Rev. 2021 Feb 26;15(1):530. doi: 10.4081/oncol.2021.530.
Renal cell carcinoma represents the most common malignancy of the kidney and the majority of cases are categorized as clear cell carcinomas. The elucidation of the specific alterations in key molecular and metabolic pathways responsible for cancer development and progression have prompted the rationalization of our classification of this disease and have provided specific targetable molecules implicated in carcinogenesis. Although immunotherapy has been an established option in the treatment of metastatic renal cell cancer for many years, its role has been renewed and upgraded with the implementation of anti-angiogenic agents and immune checkpoint inhibitors in our treatment armamentarium. The future holds promise, as newer agents become available and combination regimens of immunotherapy with anti-angiogenic agents have become the standard of care in the management of metastatic disease and are currently being evaluated in earlier settings. Proper patient selection and individualization of our treatment strategies are of utmost importance in order to provide optimal care to patients suffering from renal cell carcinoma.
肾细胞癌是最常见的肾脏恶性肿瘤，大多数病例被归类为透明细胞癌。对负责癌症发生和发展的关键分子和代谢途径中特定改变的阐明，促使我们对这种疾病的分类更加合理，并提供了与致癌作用相关的特定可靶向分子。尽管免疫疗法多年来一直是转移性肾细胞癌治疗的既定选择，但随着抗血管生成药物和免疫检查点抑制剂被纳入我们的治疗手段，其作用得到了更新和提升。随着更新的药物问世，免疫疗法与抗血管生成药物的联合方案已成为转移性疾病管理的标准治疗方法，目前正在早期治疗中进行评估，未来充满希望。为了给肾细胞癌患者提供最佳治疗，正确的患者选择和治疗策略的个体化至关重要。
