Patil Sachin M, Beck Phillip Paul, Patel Tarang Pankaj, Dale Swaney Richard, Dandachi Dima, Krvavac Armin
Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Disease, University of Missouri Hospital and Clinic, 1 Hospital Dr, Columbia, MO 65212, USA.
Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Environmental Medicine, University of Missouri Hospital and Clinic, 1 Hospital Dr, Columbia, MO 65212, USA.
Case Rep Infect Dis. 2021 Mar 6;2021:6651430. doi: 10.1155/2021/6651430. eCollection 2021.
Pneumonia is a severe acute inflammation of the lower respiratory tract due to infectious pathogens. Pathogens responsible include bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites. Pneumonia categorizations include community-acquired pneumonia (CAP), hospital-acquired pneumonia, and ventilator-associated pneumonia. It is the single most common cause of infection-related mortality in the United States. Among the typical bacterial CAP causes, (. ) is responsible for less than 5% of all cases. Among the . , methicillin-susceptible . (MSSA) is slightly more common than the methicillin-resistant . (MRSA). CAP caused by . is associated with worse clinical outcomes compared to . Although . CAP occurs throughout the year, it is less common except during the influenza season when there is a spike. Multiple studies have stratified risk factors for MRSA infection. MSSA pneumonia in immunocompetent young patients is uncommon due to healthy host defense mechanisms. However, certain individual risk factors promote infection, such as intravenous drug abuse. Recent multiple research studies implicate increased virulence of . in colonized patients after exposure to electronic cigarette vapor exposure (ECVE), resulting in pneumonia. A PubMed search revealed no MSSA community-acquired bacterial pneumonia due to ECVE. We report a 38-year-old female who developed acute MSSA pneumonia, which was complicated by left empyema due to ECVE from JUUL device with third-party compatible cannabidiol pods. The patient completed treatment successfully with a chest tube placement followed by fibrinolysis and intravenous antibiotics.
肺炎是由感染性病原体引起的下呼吸道严重急性炎症。致病病原体包括细菌、病毒、真菌和寄生虫。肺炎的分类包括社区获得性肺炎（CAP）、医院获得性肺炎和呼吸机相关性肺炎。它是美国感染相关死亡的单一最常见原因。在典型的细菌性CAP病因中，（.）在所有病例中所占比例不到5%。在（.）中，甲氧西林敏感的（.）（MSSA）比耐甲氧西林的（.）（MRSA）略为常见。与（.）相比，由（.）引起的CAP与更差的临床结局相关。虽然（.）CAP全年均可发生，但除流感季节发病率激增外，其并不常见。多项研究对MRSA感染的危险因素进行了分层。由于健康的宿主防御机制，免疫功能正常的年轻患者中MSSA肺炎并不常见。然而，某些个体危险因素会促进感染，如静脉药物滥用。最近的多项研究表明，在接触电子烟烟雾暴露（ECVE）后，定植患者体内的（.）毒力增加，从而导致肺炎。一项PubMed搜索未发现因ECVE导致的MSSA社区获得性细菌性肺炎。我们报告一名38岁女性，她因使用带有第三方兼容大麻二酚烟弹的JUUL装置进行ECVE而患上急性MSSA肺炎，并并发左脓胸。患者通过放置胸管、随后进行纤维蛋白溶解和静脉注射抗生素成功完成治疗。
