Gupta Rakesh Kumar, Singh Bhanu Pratap, Singh B R
Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, India.
Department of Pathology, Chhattisgarh Institute of Medical Sciences, Bilaspur, Chhattisgarh, India.
Trop Parasitol. 2020 Jul-Dec;10(2):120-123. doi: 10.4103/tp.TP_63_19. Epub 2021 Jan 25.
Chhattisgarh is an endemic region for rhinosporidiosis infection in Central India. This high prevalence can be explained by suitable hot tropical environment as well as social practice of common bathing of public with animals outdoor, mainly in ponds and river. There are more than 200 ponds in and around Bilaspur district, mainly in Ratanpur region. However, due to limited literature describing rhinosporidiosis from this part of India, it remains neglected and still not recognized as a serious health-care issue and any definite government or private measures/initiatives are not taken to counter this problem.
It is a retrospective demographic study analyzing 113 consecutive biopsies received from different clinical departments in a tertiary care center with a histological diagnosis of rhinosporidiosis over a period of 7 years from January 2011 to December 2017.
Most of the patients presented in the otorhinolaryngology (86.7%) department, followed by ophthalmology (10.6%). The mean age of the patients was 23.4 years, with a range of 3-70 years. A male-to-female ratio of about 3:2 was noted. Nasal cavity was the most common site of involvement (90/113), followed by conjunctiva (7/113), nasal cavity with oropharynx (6/113), and eyelid (3/113). Patients' complaints showed a varying range from nasal block, nasal mass, bleeding, bleed on touch, difficulty in breathing, and conjunctival mass. Two of the cases presented as recurrent rhinosporidiosis.
Rhinosporidiosis is endemic and possesses a great health-care burden in Chhattisgarh. The socioeconomic status, outdoor bathing, and cultural practice in rural areas are the major factors contributing to newer cases. An urgent government initiative to decontaminate public water bodies and public health education through health-care workers and nongovernment organizations is the need of the hour to curtail the incidence of rhinosporidiosis.
恰蒂斯加尔邦是印度中部鼻孢子虫病感染的流行地区。这种高发病率可归因于适宜的炎热热带环境以及公众与动物在户外（主要是在池塘和河流中）共同沐浴的社会习俗。比拉斯布尔 district 及其周边地区有 200 多个池塘，主要集中在拉坦布尔地区。然而，由于来自印度这一地区的描述鼻孢子虫病的文献有限，该病仍然被忽视，尚未被视为一个严重的医疗保健问题，也没有采取任何明确的政府或私人措施/举措来应对这一问题。
这是一项回顾性人口统计学研究，分析了 2011 年 1 月至 2017 年 12 月期间在一家三级医疗中心不同临床科室连续接收的 113 份活检标本，这些标本经组织学诊断为鼻孢子虫病。
大多数患者出现在耳鼻喉科（86.7%），其次是眼科（10.6%）。患者的平均年龄为 23.4 岁，范围为 3 - 70 岁。男女比例约为 3:2。鼻腔是最常见的受累部位（90/113），其次是结膜（7/113）、鼻腔伴口咽（6/113）和眼睑（3/113）。患者的症状表现多样，包括鼻塞、鼻肿物、出血、触之出血、呼吸困难和结膜肿物。其中两例表现为复发性鼻孢子虫病。
鼻孢子虫病在恰蒂斯加尔邦呈地方性流行，给医疗保健带来了巨大负担。社会经济状况、户外沐浴以及农村地区的文化习俗是导致新发病例的主要因素。当务之急是政府立即采取举措，对公共水体进行净化，并通过医护人员和非政府组织开展公共健康教育，以降低鼻孢子虫病的发病率。
