Pothmann Harald, Flick Paula, Tichy Alexander, Gabler Christoph, Drillich Marc
Clinical Unit for Herd Health Management in Ruminants, University Clinic for Ruminants, Vetmeduni Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
Department of Veterinary Medicine, Institute of Veterinary Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
Front Vet Sci. 2021 Mar 5;8:649758. doi: 10.3389/fvets.2021.649758. eCollection 2021.
Recent studies have elucidated the role of several pro-inflammatory factors as mediators of inflammatory processes in the bovine endometrium. Only few studies, however, have analyzed samples collected from different regions of the uterus of the same animal. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that on a molecular level, clinical endometritis is characterized by inflammatory responses spread over the entire endometrium. Furthermore, we assume that subclinical endometritis is described by an inflammation of local regions of the uterus. Therefore, the objective of this study was to assess the mRNA expression of uterus-associated pro-inflammatory factors at five pre-defined endometrial sites, i.e., , left horn base, left horn tip, right horn base, and right horn tip, in cows with clinical and subclinical endometritis and in healthy controls. We analyzed the mRNA expression of interleukin 1 alpha, interleukin 1 beta, C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 8, prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2, protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor type C, carcinoembryonic antigen related cell adhesion molecule 1, and mucin 4 and 16. Based on vaginoscopy and endometrial cytology (≥ 5% polymorphonuclear neutrophils) between 28 to 34 days in milk, 18 Simmental cows were categorized in clinical endometritis group ( = 7), subclinical endometritis group ( = 4), and healthy group ( = 7). In general, the analyses revealed a great variation of mRNA expression between sites and animals. Differences were found between different uterine health statuses, but the variation between the sampling sites within the groups was not significant ( > 0.05). This indicates that inflammatory processes at the end of the postpartum period can be regarded as multi-focal or spread throughout the uterus independent from the uterine health status.
最近的研究阐明了几种促炎因子在牛子宫内膜炎症过程中作为炎症介质的作用。然而，只有少数研究分析了从同一动物子宫不同区域采集的样本。在本研究中，我们检验了这样一个假设：在分子水平上，临床子宫内膜炎的特征是炎症反应扩散至整个子宫内膜。此外，我们假设亚临床子宫内膜炎表现为子宫局部区域的炎症。因此，本研究的目的是评估临床和亚临床子宫内膜炎奶牛以及健康对照奶牛在五个预先定义的子宫内膜部位（即左角基部、左角尖端、右角基部和右角尖端）与子宫相关的促炎因子的mRNA表达。我们分析了白细胞介素1α、白细胞介素1β、C-X-C基序趋化因子配体8、前列腺素内过氧化物合酶2、蛋白酪氨酸磷酸酶受体C型、癌胚抗原相关细胞黏附分子1以及黏蛋白4和16的mRNA表达。根据产奶28至34天之间的阴道镜检查和子宫内膜细胞学检查（≥5%多形核中性粒细胞），将18头西门塔尔奶牛分为临床子宫内膜炎组（n = 7）、亚临床子宫内膜炎组（n = 4）和健康组（n = 7）。总体而言，分析显示不同部位和动物之间的mRNA表达存在很大差异。在不同的子宫健康状态之间发现了差异，但组内采样部位之间的差异不显著（P>0.05）。这表明产后末期的炎症过程可被视为多灶性或独立于子宫健康状态而扩散至整个子宫。
