Karuk H Nilay, Rudarli Nalcakan Gulbin, Pekünlü Ekim
Institute of Health Sciences, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey.
Faculty of Sport Sciences, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey.
Eur J Sport Sci. 2022 Apr;22(4):589-599. doi: 10.1080/17461391.2021.1907449. Epub 2021 Apr 24.
The ergogenic effects of carbohydrate (CHO) and caffeine (CAF) mouth rinse (MR) methods on anaerobic performance remains unclear. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the effects of CHO, CAF, and CHO + CAF combination solutions in mouth on repeated vertical jumping (RVJ) performance in highly trained male athletes. Eight male athletes (mean age: 22 years) underwent test sessions four times with minimum 24-h intervals under fasting conditions. Participants rinsed their mouths with four different 25-ml solutions, namely, CHO (6.4% maltodextrin = 1.6 g), CAF (1.2% caffeine = 300 mg), placebo (PLA, saccharin), or CHO + CAF (6.4%+1.2%) combination, for 10 s and performed a 30-s RVJ test twice with a 5-min interval. Peak power output, vertical jump height, blood lactate level, fatigue index, and rate of perceived exertion of the RVJ tests for different intervention sessions were compared. The statistical significance level was set at ≤ 0.05. Analyses demonstrated that CHO- (Δ: 3.4), CAF- (Δ: -0.8), and CHO + CAF-MR (Δ: -1.8) interventions led to similar RVJ performance changes compared to PLA. All differences in the dependent variables were statistically insignificant and had moderate and lower effect sizes between interventions (> 0.05, < 0.94). Our study did not elicit sufficient evidence to recommend highly trained male athletes the use of CHO- and CAF-MR separately or in combination to enhance jump performance. However, the fact that some differences have medium to large effect sizes suggests that the issue is still worth to be a potential topic for further research. Effects of CHO + CAF-MR on anaerobic performance in highly trained athletes have not been investigated using performance tasks requiring high technical skills.There is not enough evidence to suggest that CHO, CAF and CHO + CAF-MR interventions have beneficial effects on RVJ performance compared to PLA in highly trained male athletes.Some statistically insignificant differences have medium to large effect sizes. Therefore, the issue is still worth to be a potential topic for further research.
碳水化合物（CHO）和咖啡因（CAF）漱嘴（MR）方法对无氧运动表现的促力作用仍不明确。因此，本研究旨在调查CHO、CAF以及CHO+CAF混合溶液漱嘴对训练有素的男性运动员反复纵跳（RVJ）表现的影响。八名男性运动员（平均年龄：22岁）在空腹条件下，以至少24小时的间隔进行了四次测试。参与者用四种不同的25毫升溶液漱口，即CHO（6.4%麦芽糊精=1.6克）、CAF（1.2%咖啡因=300毫克）、安慰剂（PLA，糖精）或CHO+CAF（6.4%+1.2%）混合溶液，漱口10秒，并以5分钟的间隔进行两次30秒的RVJ测试。比较了不同干预阶段RVJ测试的峰值功率输出、纵跳高度、血乳酸水平、疲劳指数和主观用力程度。统计学显著性水平设定为≤0.05。分析表明，与PLA相比，CHO（变化量：3.4）、CAF（变化量：-0.8）和CHO+CAF-MR（变化量：-1.8）干预导致的RVJ表现变化相似。各干预之间所有因变量的差异均无统计学显著性，且效应量中等及较低（>0.05，<0.94）。我们的研究没有得出足够的证据来建议训练有素的男性运动员单独或联合使用CHO-和CAF-MR来提高跳跃表现。然而，一些差异具有中等到较大效应量这一事实表明，该问题仍是一个值得进一步研究的潜在课题。尚未使用需要高技术技能的运动任务来研究CHO+CAF-MR对训练有素的运动员无氧运动表现的影响。没有足够的证据表明，与PLA相比，CHO、CAF和CHO+CAF-MR干预对训练有素的男性运动员的RVJ表现有有益影响。一些无统计学显著性的差异具有中等到较大效应量。因此，该问题仍是一个值得进一步研究的潜在课题。
