Lin Chuan-Pao, Lee Ting-Ting, Li Tzai-Li
Graduate Institute of Coaching Science, National Taiwan Sport University, Taoyuan City 333325, Taiwan.
Department of Aquatic Sports, University of Taipei, Taipei City 111036, Taiwan.
Biology (Basel). 2025 Mar 28;14(4):354. doi: 10.3390/biology14040354.
This study investigated the effects of caffeine supplementation, carbohydrate mouth rinsing, and combined caffeine supplementation with carbohydrate mouth rinsing on the pulling performance and ratings of perceived exertion in indoor tug-of-war athletes. Eighteen tug-of-war athletes were recruited as participants. They underwent four supplementation protocols in a double-blind, single-factor, repeated-measures design: caffeine supplementation (CAF), carbohydrate solution mouth rinsing (CHO), combined caffeine supplementation with carbohydrate mouth rinsing (CAF-CHO), and a placebo (PLA). Each participant performed a maximal pulling test at 80% of their maximum pulling force, and the duration was recorded. Ratings of perceived exertion were also assessed. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 25.0 for Windows, and effect sizes (ES) were calculated. The main findings were as follows: (1) The CAF-CHO group showed a significantly longer pulling duration than the PLA and CHO groups (165.0 ± 69.2 s vs. 137.4 ± 48.9 s vs. 135.6 ± 66.6 s). (2) The CAF group also demonstrated a significantly longer pulling duration than the CHO group (162.0 ± 14.1 s vs. 135.6 ± 66.6 s). (3) Both the CAF-CHO and CAF groups exhibited large effect sizes (ω > 0.14) compared to the PLA and CHO groups. Both caffeine supplementation combined with carbohydrate mouth rinsing and caffeine supplementation alone can significantly enhance the duration of 80% maximal pulling performance in indoor tug-of-war athletes, with the primary effect attributed to caffeine. These results provide practical strategies for coaches and athletes to suppress fatigue and improve pulling performance during competitions or training sessions for indoor tug-of-war.
本研究调查了补充咖啡因、含漱碳水化合物溶液以及补充咖啡因与含漱碳水化合物溶液相结合对室内拔河运动员拉力表现和主观用力感觉评级的影响。招募了18名拔河运动员作为参与者。他们采用双盲、单因素、重复测量设计进行了四种补充方案：补充咖啡因（CAF）、含漱碳水化合物溶液（CHO）、补充咖啡因与含漱碳水化合物溶液相结合（CAF-CHO）以及安慰剂（PLA）。每位参与者以其最大拉力的80%进行最大拉力测试，并记录持续时间。还评估了主观用力感觉评级。使用适用于Windows的SPSS 25.0版对数据进行分析，并计算效应量（ES）。主要结果如下：（1）CAF-CHO组的拉力持续时间显著长于PLA组和CHO组（165.0±69.2秒对137.4±48.9秒对135.6±66.6秒）。（2）CAF组的拉力持续时间也显著长于CHO组（162.0±14.1秒对135.6±66.6秒）。（3）与PLA组和CHO组相比，CAF-CHO组和CAF组均表现出较大的效应量（ω>0.14）。补充咖啡因与含漱碳水化合物溶液相结合以及单独补充咖啡因均可显著延长室内拔河运动员80%最大拉力表现的持续时间，主要作用归因于咖啡因。这些结果为教练和运动员在室内拔河比赛或训练期间抑制疲劳和提高拉力表现提供了实用策略。
