英国成年人使用电子烟戒烟与其他戒烟方法相比的效果。
The effectiveness of using e-cigarettes for quitting smoking compared to other cessation methods among adults in the United Kingdom.
机构信息
National Addiction Centre, King's College London, London, UK.
Shaping Public Health Policies to Reduce Inequalities and Harm (SPECTRUM), Nottingham, UK.
出版信息
Addiction. 2021 Oct;116(10):2825-2836. doi: 10.1111/add.15474. Epub 2021 May 4.
BACKGROUND AND AIMS
Evidence on the effectiveness of electronic cigarettes (ECs) to facilitate abstinence from smoking is limited. The current study aimed to estimate the relative effectiveness of ECs and smoking cessation medication compared with using no help, accounting for frequency of use of ECs.
DESIGN
Four consecutive wave-to-wave transitions (waves 1-2, 2-3, 3-4 or 4-5) of a longitudinal online survey collected between 2012 and 2017 were analysed. Time between waves ranged between 12 and 17 months. Cigarette smokers at the baseline wave who attempted to quit smoking between waves were included.
SETTING
United Kingdom PARTICIPANTS: A total of 1155 respondents (aged 18-81, 56.1% male, 64.6% in social grade C2DE, 93.8% white) provided 1580 pairs of observations for the primary analysis.
MEASUREMENTS
Primary outcome: abstinence from smoking for at least 1 month at follow-up; secondary outcome: at least 1 month's abstinence from smoking between baseline and follow-up. The main predictor was stop smoking aid used (No help, nicotine replacement therapy only, smoking cessation medication only, disposable/cartridge EC, refill/modular EC, combination), adjusted for demographics.
FINDINGS
Primary Compared with using no help, the odds of abstinence were increased by daily use of disposable/cartridge ECs (OR = 3.31 (1.32, 8.26), P = .010) and daily use of refill/modular ECs (OR = 5.47 (2.70, 11.11), P < .001). Odds were reduced by non-daily use of disposable/cartridge ECs (OR = 0.23 (0.08-0.63), P = .005), and by use of disposable/cartridge ECs to quit and no longer using at follow-up (OR = 0.10 (0.16-0.62), P < .013). Secondary Results were similar to the primary outcome; however, odds of abstinence were also increased by use of smoking cessation medication (OR = 4.15 (1.79, 9.62), P = .001).
CONCLUSIONS
When used daily, electronic cigarettes appear to facilitate abstinence from smoking when compared with using no help.
背景与目的
电子烟（EC）促进戒烟效果的证据有限。本研究旨在估计 EC 和戒烟药物与不使用任何帮助相比的相对有效性，同时考虑 EC 使用频率。
设计
2012 年至 2017 年期间进行了四次连续的波到波过渡（波 1-2、2-3、3-4 或 4-5）的纵向在线调查分析。波之间的时间间隔在 12 至 17 个月之间。在基线波尝试戒烟的吸烟者被纳入。
地点
英国
参与者
共有 1155 名参与者（年龄 18-81 岁，56.1%为男性，64.6%为社会等级 C2DE，93.8%为白人）提供了 1580 对主要分析的观察结果。
测量
主要结果：随访时至少有 1 个月的戒烟；次要结果：基线至随访期间至少有 1 个月的戒烟。主要预测因素是使用的戒烟辅助手段（不使用帮助、尼古丁替代疗法、戒烟药物、一次性/墨盒 EC、可充电/模块化 EC、组合），调整了人口统计学因素。
发现
与不使用帮助相比，每天使用一次性/墨盒 EC 的可能性增加（OR=3.31（1.32，8.26），P=0.010）和每天使用可充电/模块化 EC（OR=5.47（2.70，11.11），P<0.001）。非每日使用一次性/墨盒 EC 的可能性降低（OR=0.23（0.08-0.63），P=0.005），以及在随访时不再使用戒烟并停止使用的一次性/墨盒 EC（OR=0.10（0.16-0.62），P<0.013）。次要结果与主要结果相似；然而，使用戒烟药物也增加了戒烟的可能性（OR=4.15（1.79，9.62），P=0.001）。
结论
当每天使用时，与不使用任何帮助相比，电子烟似乎可以促进戒烟。
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