Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, UCSI University, 1, Jalan Puncak Menara Gading, Taman Connaught, 56000 Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Department of Infection, Immunity and Cardiovascular Disease, The Medical School, The University of Sheffield, Beech Hill Road, Sheffield S10 2RX, UK.
Magn Reson Imaging. 2021 Jun;79:76-84. doi: 10.1016/j.mri.2021.03.014. Epub 2021 Mar 19.
The optic nerve is known to be one of the largest nerve bundles in the human central nervous system. There have been many studies of optic nerve imaging and post-processing that have provided insights into pathophysiology of optic neuritis related to multiple sclerosis and neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder, glaucoma, and Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy. There are many challenges in optic nerve imaging, due to the morphology of the nerve through its course to the optic chiasm, its mobility due to eye movements and the high signal from cerebrospinal fluid and orbital fat surrounding the optic nerve. Recently, many advanced and fast imaging sequences have been used with post-processing techniques in attempts to produce higher resolution images of the optic nerve for evaluating various diseases. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is one of the most common imaging methodologies for the optic nerve. This review paper will focus on recent MRI advances in optic nerve imaging and explain several post-processing techniques being used for analysis of optic nerve images. Finally, some challenges and potential for future optic nerve studies will be discussed.
视神经被认为是人类中枢神经系统中最大的神经束之一。已经有许多视神经成像和后处理的研究，这些研究为多发性硬化症和视神经脊髓炎谱系障碍、青光眼和莱伯遗传性视神经病变相关的视神经炎的病理生理学提供了深入了解。视神经成像存在许多挑战，因为神经在穿过视交叉的过程中的形态、由于眼球运动而产生的运动以及视神经周围脑脊液和眶脂肪的高信号。最近，许多先进和快速的成像序列已经与后处理技术一起用于尝试生成视神经的更高分辨率图像，以评估各种疾病。磁共振成像（MRI）是视神经最常见的成像方法之一。本文综述重点介绍了视神经成像的最新 MRI 进展，并解释了用于分析视神经图像的几种后处理技术。最后，讨论了一些挑战和未来视神经研究的潜力。
