减少、保留、再循环：促进组蛋白蛋白降解与稳定性和保留的机制。
Reduce, Retain, Recycle: Mechanisms for Promoting Histone Protein Degradation versus Stability and Retention.
机构信息
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
Simpson Querrey Center for Epigenetics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
出版信息
Mol Cell Biol. 2021 May 21;41(6):e0000721. doi: 10.1128/MCB.00007-21.
The eukaryotic genome is packaged into chromatin. The nucleosome, the basic unit of chromatin, is composed of DNA coiled around a histone octamer. Histones are among the longest-lived protein species in mammalian cells due to their thermodynamic stability and their associations with DNA and histone chaperones. Histone metabolism plays an integral role in homeostasis. While histones are largely stable, the degradation of histone proteins is necessary under specific conditions. Here, we review the physiological and cellular contexts that promote histone degradation. We describe specific known mechanisms that drive histone proteolysis. Finally, we discuss the importance of histone degradation and regulation of histone supply for organismal and cellular fitness.
真核生物基因组被包装成染色质。核小体是染色质的基本单位，由 DNA 缠绕在组蛋白八聚体周围组成。由于组蛋白的热力学稳定性及其与 DNA 和组蛋白伴侣的结合，它们是哺乳动物细胞中寿命最长的蛋白质之一。组蛋白代谢在维持体内平衡中起着不可或缺的作用。虽然组蛋白在很大程度上是稳定的，但在特定条件下，组蛋白蛋白的降解是必要的。在这里，我们综述了促进组蛋白降解的生理和细胞环境。我们描述了驱动组蛋白蛋白水解的特定已知机制。最后，我们讨论了组蛋白降解和组蛋白供应调节对于生物体和细胞适应性的重要性。
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