Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Anyang 455000, Henan, China.
College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
Ying Yong Sheng Tai Xue Bao. 2021 Mar;32(3):1112-1118. doi: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.202103.026.
Cotton is one of the most important crops in the world. With the increasing scarce of global water resources, irrigation water will become a major limiting factor in cotton production. Deficit irrigation is an irrigation method which consumes less water than the normal evapotranspiration of crops. It is an effective water-saving method due to improved water use efficiency without sacrificing cotton yield and fiber quality. We summarized the effects of deficit irrigation on the growth and water use efficiency of cotton. The results showed that deficit irrigation promoted the transformation from vegetative growth to reproductive growth, reduced plant height, leaf area, and total biomass of cotton, and subsequently improved the harvest index, stem diameter and water use efficiency. Finally, based on the current research and combined with cotton production reality, the application and future development of deficit irrigation were proposed, which might provide theoretical guidance for the sustainable development of cotton plantation in arid areas.
棉花是世界上最重要的作物之一。随着全球水资源日益短缺，灌溉用水将成为棉花生产的主要限制因素。亏缺灌溉是一种比作物正常蒸散量消耗更少水的灌溉方法。它是一种有效的节水方法，因为在不牺牲棉花产量和纤维质量的情况下提高了水的利用效率。我们总结了亏缺灌溉对棉花生长和水利用效率的影响。结果表明，亏缺灌溉促进了营养生长向生殖生长的转化，降低了棉花的株高、叶面积和总生物量，进而提高了收获指数、茎直径和水利用效率。最后，基于当前的研究并结合棉花生产的实际情况，提出了亏缺灌溉的应用和未来发展方向，为干旱地区棉花种植的可持续发展提供了理论指导。
