Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Bolu Abant Izzet Baysal University, Bolu, Turkey.
United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Wheat Health, Genetics and Quality Research Unit, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164-6430, U.S.A.
Plant Dis. 2021 Sep;105(9):2299-2305. doi: 10.1094/PDIS-11-20-2424-SR. Epub 2021 Oct 6.
Kazakhstan is one of the biggest wheat producers, however, its wheat production is far below the average international wheat production standard due to biotic and abiotic stressors. Plant-parasitic nematodes are devastating for cereal production systems worldwide. A comprehensive survey was conducted in 2019 to identify plant-parasitic nematodes associated with wheat in different locations of central, eastern, and southeastern Kazakhstan. The results revealed 33 root-lesion and 27 cyst nematode populations from the 77 localities sampled. These two genera occurred in separate or in mixed populations. The root-lesion populations were identified as and while all cyst nematodes were identified as . The identification of nematodes was firstly performed based on morphological and morphometric features and confirmed by BLAST and phylogenetic analyses based on the internal transcribed spacer and the D2-D3 expansion located in the 28S gene of ribosomal DNA for CCN and RLN populations, respectively. and populations from Kazakhstan showed a high similarity with the American, European, and Asian populations. populations formed a well-supported cluster with the corresponding populations from different countries and showed a slightly intraspecific polymorphism. Kazakhstan populations of may have multiple introductions in Kazakhstan due to the divergence among them. The results of this study are of great importance for breeding programs and will enable awareness for extension advisors to develop measures to control these nematodes in cereal cropping areas in Kazakhstan.
哈萨克斯坦是最大的小麦生产国之一，但由于生物和非生物胁迫，其小麦产量远低于国际平均小麦生产标准。植物寄生线虫对全球的谷物生产系统造成了严重破坏。2019 年，我们对哈萨克斯坦中部、东部和东南部不同地区与小麦相关的植物寄生线虫进行了全面调查。结果显示，在 77 个采样点中发现了 33 个根结线虫和 27 个胞囊线虫种群。这两个属单独或混合存在。根结线虫种群被鉴定为 和 ，而所有胞囊线虫都被鉴定为 。线虫的鉴定首先基于形态学和形态计量学特征，并通过基于核糖体 DNA 的内部转录间隔区和 D2-D3 扩展的 BLAST 和系统发育分析进行了确认，分别用于 CCN 和 RLN 种群。来自哈萨克斯坦的 和 种群与美洲、欧洲和亚洲的种群具有高度相似性。 种群与来自不同国家的相应种群形成了一个支持良好的聚类，表现出轻微的种内多态性。由于它们之间的差异，哈萨克斯坦的 种群可能在哈萨克斯坦有多次引入。本研究的结果对育种计划具有重要意义，并将使推广顾问意识到在哈萨克斯坦的谷物种植区采取措施控制这些线虫。
