Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.
San Cecilio Clinical University Hospital, Andalusian Health Service, Granada, Spain.
J Adv Nurs. 2021 Aug;77(8):3274-3285. doi: 10.1111/jan.14827. Epub 2021 Mar 23.
The aim of this review and meta-analysis is to analyse the effectiveness of nursing interventions for the management of preoperative anxiety in adults.
The perioperative process is a stressful situation for many people who are going to be operated and it can generate feelings of anxiety. Also, preoperative anxiety can appear in the perioperative period. Nursing management of preoperative anxiety through individualized interventions can be effective for reducing anxiety.
A systematic review with meta-analysis was performed.
CINAHL, CUIDEN, Pubmed, ProQuest and Scopus databases were consulted without restriction per year of publication. The search was conducted in February 2020.
Experimental studies on nursing management in preoperative anxiety with adults sample (>18 years) published in English and/or Spanish were included. All types of surgery were included in the review. A random effects meta-analysis was performed to estimate the effect size for preoperative anxiety measured with STAI.
After the selection process n = 9 quantitative studies with nursing interventions for preoperative anxiety were included. A preoperative educational and informative interview was used in six studies, one study used empathic interview, one used motivational interview and one used hand massage. The meta-analysis, including four studies using nursing interviews, had a sample of n = 419 in the intervention group and n = 445 in the control group. The mean difference in preoperative state anxiety measured with the STAI was in favour of the nursing intervention.
Nursing interventions for patients who are going to be operated seems to have a positive impact in their preoperative anxiety. However, due to the low number of studies and the heterogeneity of the sample, more research is needed about the topic.
本综述和荟萃分析旨在分析护理干预在成人术前焦虑管理中的有效性。
围手术期对许多将要接受手术的人来说是一个压力大的时期，会产生焦虑感。此外，术前焦虑也可能出现在围手术期。通过个体化干预进行术前焦虑的护理管理，对减轻焦虑可能是有效的。
进行了系统评价和荟萃分析。
无发表年限限制地检索了 CINAHL、CUIDEN、PubMed、ProQuest 和 Scopus 数据库。检索于 2020 年 2 月进行。
纳入了针对成人（>18 岁）术前焦虑的护理管理的实验性研究，发表语言为英语和/或西班牙语。综述纳入了所有类型的手术。采用随机效应荟萃分析，对术前焦虑用 STAI 测量的效应量进行估计。
经过筛选过程，纳入了 9 项针对术前焦虑的护理干预的定量研究。有 6 项研究采用了术前教育和信息访谈，1 项研究采用了共情访谈，1 项研究采用了动机性访谈，1 项研究采用了手部按摩。荟萃分析包括 4 项采用护理访谈的研究，干预组样本量为 n=419，对照组样本量为 n=445。STAI 测量的术前状态焦虑的均数差有利于护理干预。
针对即将接受手术的患者的护理干预似乎对其术前焦虑有积极影响。然而，由于研究数量较少且样本异质性较大，仍需要更多关于该主题的研究。
