Rabold Elizabeth M, Ali Hammad, Fernandez Danielle, Knuth Martha, Schenkel Karl, Asghar Rana Jawad, Baig Mirza Amir, Shaikh Saqib, Morgan Oliver
Emerg Infect Dis. 2021 Apr;27(4):1039-1047. doi: 10.3201/eid2704.204205.
Unsafe injection practices and injection drug use have been linked to multiple HIV outbreaks in Pakistan since 2003; however, few studies have systematically analyzed the causes of these outbreaks. We conducted a systematic review of published English-language literature indexed in bibliographic databases and search engines and a focused gray literature review to collate and analyze all reported HIV outbreaks in Pakistan during 2000–2019. Of 774 unique publications reviewed, we identified 25 eligible publications describing 7 outbreaks. More than half occurred during 2016–2019. The primary sources of transmission were iatrogenic transmission, affecting children, persons with chronic medical conditions, and the general population (4 outbreaks); injection drug use (2 outbreaks); and a combination of both (1 outbreak). In the absence of robust HIV testing and surveillance in Pakistan, timely and detailed outbreak reporting is important to understand the epidemiology of HIV in the country.
自2003年以来，不安全注射行为和注射吸毒与巴基斯坦多起艾滋病毒疫情相关；然而，很少有研究系统分析这些疫情的成因。我们对书目数据库和搜索引擎中收录的已发表英文文献进行了系统综述，并对重点灰色文献进行了综述，以整理和分析2000年至2019年期间巴基斯坦所有报告的艾滋病毒疫情。在审查的774篇独特出版物中，我们确定了25篇符合条件的出版物，描述了7起疫情。超过一半的疫情发生在2016年至2019年期间。主要传播来源是医源性传播，影响儿童、慢性病患者和普通人群（4起疫情）；注射吸毒（2起疫情）；以及两者兼而有之（1起疫情）。由于巴基斯坦缺乏强有力的艾滋病毒检测和监测，及时和详细的疫情报告对于了解该国艾滋病毒的流行病学情况很重要。
