Department of Microbiology, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, No. 44 Wenhuaxi Road, Jinan, 250012, People's Republic of China.
Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Center for Disease Control and Prevention, No. 16992 Jingshi Road, Jinan, 250014, People's Republic of China.
Food Environ Virol. 2021 Jun;13(2):270-280. doi: 10.1007/s12560-021-09469-x. Epub 2021 Mar 23.
Human sapovirus (SaV) is an important causative agent of nonbacterial gastroenteritis in humans. However, little is known about its circulation in China. To study the prevalence and diversity of human SaV genotypes circulating in eastern China, a 3-year environmental surveillance combined with next generation sequencing (NGS) technology was conducted. A total of 36 raw sewage samples were collected from January 2017 to December 2019 in Jinan and processed. Thirty-five (97.22%) samples were positive for human SaV genome in quantitative RT-PCR assay; 33 (91.67%) samples were positive in nested RT-PCR assay on partial capsid VP1 sequence and all amplicons were further analyzed separately by NGS. Among those, ten genotypes belonging to the genogroups of GI, GII, GIV, and GV were identified by NGS, including 4 major genotypes (GI.2, GI.1, GV.1 and GI.3) and 6 uncommon genotypes (GII.5, GII.1, GII.NA1, GII.3, GI.6 and GIV.1). A temporal switch of predominant genotype was observed from GI.2 to GI.1 around June 2019. Local and foreign sequences clustered together in some branches according to phylogenetic analysis, indicating frequent transmission of various lineages in different regions of the world. Environmental surveillance provides a comprehensive picture of human SaV in China. NGS-based environmental surveillance improves our knowledge on human SaV circulating in communities greatly and should be encouraged as a sensitive surveillance tool.
人类杯状病毒（SaV）是人类非细菌性胃肠炎的重要病原体。然而，目前对于其在中国的传播情况知之甚少。为了研究中国东部地区流行的人类 SaV 基因型的流行情况和多样性，进行了为期 3 年的环境监测结合下一代测序（NGS）技术。从 2017 年 1 月至 2019 年 12 月，共采集了济南的 36 份原始污水样本并进行了处理。定量 RT-PCR 检测显示，35 份（97.22%）样本中存在人类 SaV 基因组；巢式 RT-PCR 检测部分衣壳 VP1 序列，33 份（91.67%）样本为阳性，所有扩增子均通过 NGS 分别进行进一步分析。通过 NGS 鉴定出属于 GI、GII、GIV 和 GV 基因群的 10 种基因型，包括 4 种主要基因型（GI.2、GI.1、GV.1 和 GI.3）和 6 种罕见基因型（GII.5、GII.1、GII.NA1、GII.3、GI.6 和 GIV.1）。2019 年 6 月左右，主要基因型从 GI.2 转变为 GI.1。根据系统发育分析，分支中出现了一些地方序列和国外序列聚集在一起的情况，表明不同地区的各种谱系经常发生传播。环境监测提供了中国人类 SaV 的全面情况。基于 NGS 的环境监测极大地提高了我们对社区中流行的人类 SaV 的认识，应鼓励将其作为一种敏感的监测工具。
