Biology & Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA.
Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA.
Neuron. 2021 May 5;109(9):1554-1566.e4. doi: 10.1016/j.neuron.2021.03.003. Epub 2021 Mar 22.
New technologies are key to understanding the dynamic activity of neural circuits and systems in the brain. Here, we show that a minimally invasive approach based on ultrasound can be used to detect the neural correlates of movement planning, including directions and effectors. While non-human primates (NHPs) performed memory-guided movements, we used functional ultrasound (fUS) neuroimaging to record changes in cerebral blood volume with 100 μm resolution. We recorded from outside the dura above the posterior parietal cortex, a brain area important for spatial perception, multisensory integration, and movement planning. We then used fUS signals from the delay period before movement to decode the animals' intended direction and effector. Single-trial decoding is a prerequisite to brain-machine interfaces, a key application that could benefit from this technology. These results are a critical step in the development of neuro-recording and brain interface tools that are less invasive, high resolution, and scalable.
新技术是理解大脑神经回路和系统动态活动的关键。在这里，我们展示了一种基于超声的微创方法，可用于检测运动规划的神经相关性，包括方向和效应器。当非人类灵长类动物（NHPs）进行记忆引导的运动时，我们使用功能超声（fUS）神经影像学以 100μm 的分辨率记录脑血容量的变化。我们在大脑后顶叶皮层上方的硬脑膜外进行记录，这个区域对于空间感知、多感觉整合和运动规划很重要。然后，我们使用运动前延迟期间的 fUS 信号来解码动物的预期方向和效应器。单次试验解码是脑机接口的前提，这项关键应用可能会受益于这项技术。这些结果是开发神经记录和脑接口工具的重要一步，这些工具的侵入性更小、分辨率更高且更具扩展性。
