Laboratory of Physiology and Toxicology of Reproduction, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University in Krakow, Krakow, Poland.
INRAE, UMR85, Unité Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, Nouzilly, France.
Anim Reprod Sci. 2021 May;228:106737. doi: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2021.106737. Epub 2021 Mar 17.
Adipose tissue secretes multiple hormones termed adipokines, which are important regulators of many processes. There are four types of evidence supporting an association between adipokines and female fertility which are effects that occur: centrally at the pituitary; peripherally and locally at the ovary and reproductive tract; directly on the oocyte/embryo and during pregnancy. In this review, there was a focus on the description of adipokines (leptin, apelin, resistin, chemerin, adiponectin, vaspin and visfatin) on ovarian cell proliferation, cell cycle progression and apoptosis in comparison to effects on human and domestic animal ovaries including pigs, cattle and chickens. Knowledge about molecules which regulate the balance between proliferation and apoptosis so that these processes are optimal for ovarian function is essential for understanding the physiology and reducing the incidence of infertility. Furthermore, oogenesis, folliculogenesis, oocyte loss/selection and atresia are important processes for optimal ovarian physiological functions. There, however, is ovulation from only a few follicles, while the majority undergo atresia that is induced by apoptosis.
脂肪组织分泌多种激素，称为脂肪因子，它们是许多过程的重要调节剂。有四种类型的证据支持脂肪因子与女性生育力之间的关联，这些关联发生在：中枢在垂体；外周和局部在卵巢和生殖道；直接在卵母细胞/胚胎上以及在怀孕期间。在这篇综述中，重点描述了脂肪因子（瘦素、apelin、抵抗素、chemerin、脂联素、vaspin 和 visfatin）对卵巢细胞增殖、细胞周期进程和细胞凋亡的影响，以及它们对人类和家畜卵巢（包括猪、牛和鸡）的影响。了解调节增殖和凋亡平衡的分子对于理解生理学和降低不孕率至关重要。此外，卵子发生、卵泡发生、卵母细胞损失/选择和闭锁是卵巢生理功能的重要过程。然而，只有少数卵泡排卵，而大多数卵泡通过凋亡诱导的闭锁。
