Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique Unité Mixte de Recherche Physiology Department, Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, F-37380 Nouzilly, France.
Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Life Science Department Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, F-37380 Nouzilly, France.
Int J Mol Sci. 2019 Aug 2;20(15):3778. doi: 10.3390/ijms20153778.
Adipokines are a potential link between reproduction and energy metabolism and could partly explain some infertilities related to some pathophysiology, such as polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). However, adipokines were predominantly assessed in blood samples, while very little is known concerning their variations in follicular fluid (FF) and ovarian granulosa cells (GCs) of PCOS women. Thus, the objectives of our study were to investigate adiponectin, chemerin, resistin, visfatin, omentin, and apelin ovarian expression in PCOS women in comparison with controls and women with only a polycystic ovary morphology. In total, 78 women undergoing an in vitro fertilization procedure were divided into three groups: 23 PCOS women, 28 women presenting only ≥12 follicles per ovary (ECHO group), and 27 control women. Each group almost equally included normal weight and obese women. Follicular fluid (FF) concentration and granulosa cells (GCs) mRNA expression of adipokines and their receptors were assessed by ELISA and RT-qPCR, respectively. Omentin levels in FF and GC were higher in PCOS than in ECHO and control women, while apelin expression was increased in both PCOS and ECHO groups. FF chemerin concentration was predominant in normal-weight PCOS women compared to BMI (Body Mass Index)-matched ECHO and control women, while GC mRNA levels were higher in the obese PCOS group than in the ECHO one. Compared to PCOS, ECHO women had increased FF adiponectin concentrations and lower plasma AMH levels. The FF concentration of all adipokines was higher in obese subjects except for adiponectin, predominant in normal-weight women. In conclusion, women with PCOS expressed higher GC chemerin and omentin, whereas the ECHO group presented higher levels of FF adiponectin and apelin and lower plasma AMH and LH concentrations. Chemerin, omentin, and apelin expression was differently regulated in women with PCOS, suggesting their possible role in follicular growth arrest and ovulatory dysfunction characterizing PCOS pathogenesis.
脂肪因子是生殖与能量代谢之间的潜在联系，可能部分解释了一些与某些病理生理学相关的不育症，如多囊卵巢综合征（PCOS）。然而，脂肪因子主要在血液样本中进行评估，而对于 PCOS 女性的卵泡液（FF）和卵巢颗粒细胞（GC）中的变化知之甚少。因此，我们的研究目的是比较对照组和仅多囊卵巢形态的女性，研究 PCOS 女性脂肪因子脂联素、趋化素、抵抗素、内脂素、网膜素和 Apelin 的卵巢表达。共有 78 名接受体外受精程序的女性分为三组：23 名 PCOS 女性、28 名卵巢每侧有≥12 个卵泡的女性（ECHO 组）和 27 名对照组女性。每个组几乎均等的包括正常体重和肥胖女性。通过 ELISA 和 RT-qPCR 分别评估卵泡液（FF）和颗粒细胞（GC）中脂肪因子及其受体的浓度和 mRNA 表达。与 ECHO 和对照组女性相比，PCOS 女性的 FF 内脂素水平和 GC 中 Apelin 表达升高，而 FF 趋化素浓度在正常体重 PCOS 女性中高于 BMI（体重指数）匹配的 ECHO 和对照组女性，而肥胖 PCOS 组的 GC mRNA 水平高于 ECHO 组。与 PCOS 相比，ECHO 女性的 FF 脂联素浓度较高，而血浆 AMH 水平较低。除脂联素外，所有脂肪因子的 FF 浓度在肥胖女性中均较高，而脂联素在正常体重女性中较为常见。总之，PCOS 女性的 GC 趋化素和内脂素表达较高，而 ECHO 组的 FF 脂联素和 Apelin 水平较高，血浆 AMH 和 LH 浓度较低。PCOS 女性的趋化素、内脂素和 Apelin 表达受到不同调节，提示它们在卵泡生长停滞和排卵功能障碍中可能发挥作用，这些特征是 PCOS 发病机制的特点。
