Department of Primary Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Selayang Campus, Jalan Prima Selayang 7, 68100, Batu Caves, Selangor, Malaysia.
Department of Community Medicine, School of Medicine, International Medical University, Bukit Jalil, 57000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
BMC Cardiovasc Disord. 2021 Mar 23;21(1):149. doi: 10.1186/s12872-021-01956-0.
BACKGROUND: Dyslipidaemia refers to lipid abnormalities consisting of either one or any combination of the following: elevated total cholesterol (TC), elevated low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c), elevated triglycerides (TG), and low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c). The prevalence of hypercholesterolaemia is steadily increasing in Malaysia. However, data on the prevalence of dyslipidaemia subtypes among Malaysians are lacking. This is important as it may have implications for preventive and management strategies for this increasing public health challenge. This study is aimed at determining the prevalence of dyslipidaemia subtypes and their associated personal and clinical attributes in Malaysians. METHODS: REDISCOVER, a prospective study, enrolled 11,288 adults where sociodemographic data, anthropometric and blood pressure measurements, fasting lipid profile and glucose, and history of diabetes, hypertension, and smoking were obtained. The cross-sectional analytic sample presented in this article comprised 10,482 participants from baseline recruitment. The data was analysed by descriptive statistics and multivariable logistic regression. RESULTS: The overall prevalence of elevated TC, elevated LDL-c, elevated TG, low HDL-c, and elevated non-HDL-c were 64.0% (95% CI 63.0-65.0), 56.7% (CI 55.7-57.7), 37.4% (CI 36.5-38.4), 36.2% (CI 35.2-37.1), and 56.2% (CI 55.3-57.2), respectively. Overweight, obesity, and central obesity were highly prevalent and significantly associated with elevated TC and all dyslipidaemia subtypes. Older age was associated with elevated TC, elevated LDL-c and elevated non-HDL-c. Hypertension was associated with elevated TC, elevated TG, and elevated non-HDL-c, while diabetes was associated with elevated TG and low HDL-c. CONCLUSIONS: Elevated TC and all dyslipidaemia subtypes are highly prevalent in Malaysia where increased body mass seems the main driver. Differences in the prevalence and associated personal and clinical attributes may facilitate specific preventive and management strategies.
背景：血脂异常是指一种或多种以下脂质异常：总胆固醇（TC）升高、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-c）升高、甘油三酯（TG）升高和高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-c）降低。马来西亚的高胆固醇血症患病率稳步上升。然而，缺乏马来西亚人血脂异常亚型患病率的数据。这一点很重要，因为它可能对这一日益严重的公共卫生挑战的预防和管理策略产生影响。本研究旨在确定血脂异常亚型的患病率及其在马来西亚人中的相关个人和临床特征。
方法：RECOVER 是一项前瞻性研究，共纳入 11288 名成年人，获取社会人口统计学数据、人体测量学和血压测量、空腹血脂和血糖以及糖尿病、高血压和吸烟史。本文呈现的横断面分析样本由基线招募的 10482 名参与者组成。通过描述性统计和多变量逻辑回归分析数据。
结果：TC 升高、LDL-c 升高、TG 升高、HDL-c 降低和非 HDL-c 升高的总体患病率分别为 64.0%（95%CI 63.0-65.0）、56.7%（CI 55.7-57.7）、37.4%（CI 36.5-38.4）、36.2%（CI 35.2-37.1）和 56.2%（CI 55.3-57.2）。超重、肥胖和中心性肥胖非常普遍，与 TC 升高和所有血脂异常亚型显著相关。年龄较大与 TC、LDL-c 和非 HDL-c 升高相关。高血压与 TC、TG 和非 HDL-c 升高相关，而糖尿病与 TG 和 HDL-c 降低相关。
结论：TC 升高和所有血脂异常亚型在马来西亚都非常普遍，体重增加似乎是主要驱动因素。患病率和相关个人及临床特征的差异可能有助于制定特定的预防和管理策略。
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