孟加拉国学生中烟草使用流行率的变化及相关因素：两项全国代表性调查的证据。

Changes in prevalence, and factors associated with tobacco use among Bangladeshi school students: evidence from two nationally representative surveys.

机构信息

Department of Statistics, Shahjalal University of Science and Technology, Sylhet, 3114, Bangladesh.

Department of Epidemiology, Robert Stempel College of Public Health & Social Work, Florida International University, Miami, USA.

出版信息

BMC Public Health. 2021 Mar 23;21(1):579. doi: 10.1186/s12889-021-10623-0.

DOI:10.1186/s12889-021-10623-0

PMID:33757487

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7989242/

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Globally, tobacco kills more than nine million people per year. Annually in Bangladesh, smoking accounts for 1.2 million illnesses and over one hundred fifty thousand deaths. Worldwide, about one out of five school students smoke tobacco, and this problem is also growing significantly in Bangladesh. There is a need to address this problem. However, to the best of knowledge, no published study has been evaluated the changes in factors associated with tobacco use over time among Bangladeshi adolescent students using large, nationally representative comparable surveys. Our objective was to identify the factors associated with tobacco use among school going students, examine any changes in them over time, and explore policy options based on national surveys.

METHODS

We analysed the data from the 2007 and the 2013 Global Youth Tobacco Survey (GYTS), a school-based survey targeting adolescents age 13-15 years (7th-9th grade), developed by the World Health Organization (WHO) and the Centres for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). The samples were selected based on a two-stage cluster sample design. The data were collected in school classes using a self-administered anonymous survey. We applied chi-square tests and survey logistic regression models for analysing the data.

RESULTS

Overall tobacco usage significantly declined from 8.4 to 6.9% over six years. The prevalence of tobacco use decreased among females (5.22 to 2.84%), those who received anti-tobacco messages (8.93 to 7.24%) and because of age restriction could not buy tobacco products (18.86 to 15.78%). Compared with the female, the odds of overall tobacco smoking among male students was 1.97 (CI: 0.99-3.92) in the year 2007 and it increased (OR = 3.07; CI: 1.56-6.04) in the year 2013. Moreover, the odds of smoking among those exposed to tobacco smoke had increased (OR = 3.26; CI: 1.46-7.29 vs 5.43; CI: 1.63-18.07) from 2007 to 2013.

CONCLUSION

There was a decline in tobacco use, especially among female students. Male students were higher tobacco user. It appeared anti-smoking campaign and age restriction policies were working.

摘要

背景

全球范围内，烟草每年导致超过 900 万人死亡。在孟加拉国，每年吸烟导致 120 多万人患病，超过 15 万人死亡。在全球范围内，约五分之一的在校学生吸烟，这一问题在孟加拉国也呈显著增长趋势。因此，有必要解决这一问题。然而，据我们所知，尚无研究使用具有全国代表性的大型可比调查评估孟加拉国青少年学生中与烟草使用相关的因素随时间的变化情况。我们的目标是确定与在校学生烟草使用相关的因素，研究这些因素随时间的变化情况，并根据全国性调查探讨政策选择。

方法

我们分析了世界卫生组织（世卫组织）和疾病控制与预防中心（疾控中心）制定的 2007 年和 2013 年全球青年烟草调查（GYTS）的数据，该调查是一项针对 13-15 岁（7-9 年级）青少年的基于学校的调查。该样本采用两阶段聚类抽样设计进行选择。在校班级中使用自我管理的匿名调查收集数据。我们应用卡方检验和调查逻辑回归模型分析数据。

结果

总的来说，烟草使用量从六年前的 8.4%显著下降到 6.9%。女性（从 5.22%降至 2.84%）、接受反烟草信息（从 8.93%降至 7.24%）以及由于年龄限制无法购买烟草制品（从 18.86%降至 15.78%）的青少年烟草使用比例有所下降。与女性相比，2007 年男性学生总体吸烟的几率为 1.97（95%CI：0.99-3.92），而 2013 年这一几率上升（OR=3.07；95%CI：1.56-6.04）。此外，2007 年至 2013 年间，暴露于二手烟的青少年吸烟几率增加（OR=3.26；95%CI：1.46-7.29 与 5.43；95%CI：1.63-18.07）。